Reviews — R. Arnold — Tertiaries of San Pedro, California. 523' 



their associated bands of greyish quartzose gneiss, often very rusty in. 

 character, as also well-defined beds of whitish quartzite, may readily 

 be assumed as representing true sediments in a very high state of 

 metamorphism ; to which may be added certain areas of reddish- 

 grey, and sometimes black, gneiss ; so that we have, if we consider 

 the whole series under the head of Laurentian, two easily separable 

 portions, viz., an altered igneous and an altered sedimentary series." 



In the same volume of Eeports, Mr. A. Osann gives notes on certain 

 Archgean rocks of the Ottawa Valley, translated by N. N. Evans, 

 1902, treating especially of gneisses, and of the occurrence of 

 apatite, mica, and graphite. In the course of his description of the 

 gneisses and their associated rocks, he gives a full description of the 

 Eozoonal rock of Cote St. Pierre. It occurs just above the junction 

 of the limestone with the gabbro, which constitutes the mass of the 

 hill below, and appears to have resulted from contact metamorphism. 

 "If Eozoon was an organic being, its hard parts, which are still pre- 

 served, certainly did not consist originally of diopside or serpentine, 

 but were converted to the former by an act of metamorphosis " 

 (p. 66, Report 0). 



Graphite is widely distributed in the granular limestone of Canada. 

 It may, too, have had an organic origin, but has been modified by 

 the same agency that changed the limestone into marble. It is 

 highly probable that gaseous infiltration may have had to do with 

 the formation of the veins of both phosphates and graphite, filling 

 up cracks and fissures during the cooling and solidification of the 

 ancient rock-surface. T. E. J. 



III. — The Paleontology and Stratigkapiit op the Makine 

 Pliocene and Pleistocene of San Pedko, California. By 

 Ralph Arnold. Contributions to Biology from the Hopkins 

 Seaside Laboratory of the Leland Stanford Junior University : 

 No. xxxi. Reprinted from the Memoirs of the Californian 

 Academy of Sciences, vol. iii. pp. 420, with 37 plates. 1903 

 (published 27th June). 



THIS important memoir forms a "Dissertation presented to the 

 Faculty in Geology of the Leland Stanford Junior University, 

 for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy." 



Chapter i comprises : Topography ; General Geology ; Pliocene ; 

 Pleistocene ; Post -Pleistocene Deposits ; and Alphabetical List 

 showing the Distribution of Species in the vicinity of San Pedro. 

 Chapter ii : The Upper Pliocene and Pleistocene Formations of 

 other localities on the Pacific Coast. Chapter iii : Faunal Relations 

 (embracing a comparison of the fossil and living faunas of California 

 with those of Japan) ; Description of Species; Bibliography; and Index. 

 The species described are included under the following groups : — 

 Coelenterata (Anthozoa), Echinodermata (Eohinoidea), MoUuscoidea 

 (Bryozoa and Brachiopoda), Mollusca (Pelecypoda, Scaphopoda, 

 and Gastropoda), Arthropoda (Crustacea), and Vertebrata (Pisces). 

 Mr. Way land Vaughan has prepared diagnoses of the new Anthozoa, 

 which have been found in the San Pedi'O dej)osits, whilst Dr. W. H. 

 Dall and Mr. Paul Bartsch have rendered assistance in describing 



