THE NEWARK ROCKS 29 



glomeratic ; in both, red shales and reddish-brown free-stones, 

 and in both, these layers are several times repeated. Second, 

 both occupy the same position stratigraphically. Near Trenton 

 they are found resting upon the older crystalline rocks. In 

 Jersey City wells bored near the water front strike gneiss and 

 schist. At Stevens Point, Hoboken, the crystalline rocks out- 

 crop, and, as is well known, they underlie the whole of Man- 

 hattan Island, just across the river. A little over half a mile 

 back from the water front, in Jersey City and Hoboken, wells, 

 which penetrate the glacial drift, reach sandstone and shale, 

 some beds of the former being unmistakably coarse arkose. 

 Third, minute crustaceans {Estheria ovatd) have been found 1 in 

 the shale beds at Weehawken and Shadv Side along the Hudson 

 River, and again in similar relations in the quarries near Trenton. 

 Owing to the intrusion of the Palisade trap sheet some members 

 of the group have been metamorphosed into hard, black and 

 greenish flinty rocks, called hornfels by some German petrog- 

 raphers. Their occurrence, however, is limited to the neigh- 

 borhood of the trap, and their presence in nowise affects the 

 correlation of these beds with those near Trenton. 



The Stockton beds certainly persist into New York, but 

 the typical coarse arkose sandstone beds apparently thin out, 

 and north of Nyack the group cannot be identified with any 

 degree of certainty. The trend of the strata apparently carries 

 the beds of this subdivision beneath the Hudson River. 



Northeast of Princeton the outcrop of the typical Locka- 

 tong group grows narrower and the thickness less. Either the 

 rate of deposition was slower to the northeast during the time 

 represented by the Lockatong beds elsewhere, and therefore 

 they are thinner here, or else, the rate of deposition being the 

 same as elsewhere, the conditions favoring the deposition of 

 black argillite and shale did not last so long to the northeast of 

 Princeton as nearer the Delaware. A few miles northeast of 

 Princeton the Lockatong beds also are covered by the Creta- 

 ceous deposits, but they have been traced by borings as far as 



'Nason, Annual Report of the State Geologist of New Jersey, 1S88, pp. 29-33. 



