GLACIAL SUCCESSION IN OHIO. 131 



Explanation of Map. — This map was designed for another purpose, and 

 hence includes only a portion of the district under discussion, though it repre- 

 sents the principal features herein discussed. Certain features, not discussed 

 at this time, beach lines, eskers, esker troughs, etc., appear on the map. 



The shaded portions of the map represent moraines, the shading being 

 graduated to the strength of the moraine. Arrows indicate the position and 

 bearing of striae. Continuous lines are used to indicate the beaches of the 

 Maumee basin and the south-western outlet of the lake which formed them. 

 The second beach has not been fully traced, and is therefore incompletely 

 represented. For the same reason the fourth and later beaches are not repre- 

 sented. Esker troughs are bounded by broken lines. The eskers which lie 

 in them are indicated by continuous straight lines. The boundaries between 

 upland and lowland tracts in southern Ohio are indicated by dotted lines. The 

 glacial boundary, indicated by a broken line, appears for a short distance in 

 the vicinity of Cincinnati. 



the state there is a more complete and more easily deciphered 

 record of the glacial succession than in the eastern portion, 

 since the later advances there left a portion of the earlier drift 

 uncovered. Our remarks will, therefore, relate chiefly to that 

 district. 



The full series of moraines formed by the Great Miami ice 

 lobe, together with portions of the outer moraines of the adjoin- 

 ing East White River lobe on the west, and of the Scioto lobe 

 on the east, are shown on the accompanying map. Outside the 

 outer moraine of these lobes there is a glaciated district extend- 

 ing southward beyond the limits of the map in the main, its 

 southern margin being the glacial boundary which lies fifteen to 

 forty miles south from this moraine. That a long interval 

 elapsed between the deposition of this outlying drift sheet and 

 the formation of the outermost frontal moraine is shown below. 

 Attention is called to it at this point, since it furnishes a con- 

 venient landmark in our discussion. The drift to the north of 

 this moraine will be called, for convenience, by the general term, 

 the later drift, while that to the south will be called the earlier 

 drift. Both drifts have a somewhat complex history, and will 

 be subdivided further on. 



The earlier drift. For a few miles back from the glacial 

 boundary in Northern Kentucky and in the hilly districts of 



