l6o THE JOURNAL OF GEOLOGY. 



At Warsaw, in Coshocton county, fifty miles west of New- 

 comerstown I visited an exposure of gravels in a railway cutting, 

 the conditions being almost identical with those at Newcomers- 

 town. The terrace, as in the other case, has been occupied by 

 Indian flint workers, and being in the proximity of extensive flint 

 quarries, there is much refuse of manufacture. I gathered a peck 

 of turtle-backs and rude objects of paleolithic types from the 

 level ground above, and in the wall of the gravel pit found 

 several pieces, descended from the surface, that would be freely 

 admitted into the paleolithic family by its sponsors. Work in 

 the excavation had ceased several months before, and the face of 

 the bluff, nearly thirty feet high and two hundred yards long, was 

 well veneered more or less deeply with talus deposits, through 

 which in places and especially near the top, the normal gravels 

 could be seen. The redistributed deposits along the base of the 

 steep slope were well reset, and from these I obtai'ned a number 

 of flaked flints ; several of which were firmly imbedded, and two 

 of them were removed from the gravel with some difficulty and 

 with the aid of a pick, one twenty-five and the other twenty-seven 

 feet beneath the surface of the terrace. The latter specimen is 

 shown in the accompanying plate. 



In studying this section at Warsaw I was led to realize the 

 folly of hastily using inexpert evidence regarding the finding of 

 relics of art in gravels. In a case like this even the experienced 

 scientific observer, whose attention had not been definitely called to 

 the nature and far reaching significance of such finds, might from 

 a casual observation have recorded the recovery of one or more 

 of these objects from the gravels. The danger would be greatly 

 increased if the observer were only a relic hunter, or if he were 

 convinced that the gravels at any depth might be expected to 

 contain such objects. These specimens were in the gravels, 

 firmly imbedded, and to all appearances this particular portion 

 of the deposit was in a normal condition. Any one could here 

 have dislodged a portion of the mass with his walking-stick, 

 with fair prospect of finding a flaked stone of paleolithic type. 

 I doubt very much if we are justified in using the casual obser- 



