724 ROLLIN D. SALISBURY 



eral glaciation from the north, though a few miles south of the 

 river in this longitude drift from the north comes in contact with 

 drift from the Cabinet Mountains. Whether the glaciation from 

 opposite directions was contemporaneous, was not determined. 

 Deposits of lacustrine clay some 300 feet thick in the valley 

 near Libby, point to notable interruptions of drainage during 

 glacial time, and probably to considerable changes since. 



The Flathead valley contained a great glacier which advanced 

 southward beyond the southern end of Flathead lake, though the 

 southern limit of the ice was not traced out this season. In the 

 latitude of Kalispell, the ice of this valley was about 3000 feet 

 thick, as shown by the height to which the west face of the 

 Kootenai Mountains east of the valley, was glaciated. The gen- 

 eral direction of ice movement in this valley at Kalispell, and 

 between this place and the lake, was south-southeast. The 

 main body of the ice, therefore, came down the valley from the 

 north northwest, and not from the mountains immediately east 

 or northeast, though the main glacier was reenforced to some 

 extent by ice from this direction. The source of ice which 

 moved to the south-southeast was not determined. One lobe 

 of the Flathead glacier moved southwest up the valley of Ashley 

 Creek (the valley followed by the Great Northern Railway west 

 of Kalispell), and another advanced westward a short distance 

 beyond the end of the west arm of Flathead Lake. 



The face of the Kootenai Mountains east of the Flathead 

 Valley is abrupt, and not deeply indented. From the slight 

 amount of study given to this face of the range, it would appear 

 that local glaciation here was not of great extent or severity, for 

 some of the considerable mountain ravines opening out to the 

 west afford little evidence of glaciation. On the other hand, 

 glaciation was severe in some of the valleys, as in that followed 

 by the Great Northern Railway east of the Flathead Valley. 



THE WASATCH MOUNTAINS. 



Mr. Wallace W. Atwood spent about two months in the study 

 of the glacial phenomena of the Wasatch Mountains. He was 



