FOSSIL VERTEBRATES — AMPHIBIA 509 
The Carboniferous rocks of Nyran in Bohemia have yielded 
many forms belonging to the same group, among them are 
Fyoplesion, Orthacosta, Microbrachis, Keraterpeton, and Urycordylus. 
Flyoplesion is quite similar in structure to //ylonomus of the 
Nova Scotian region, and is regarded by some authorities as 
synonymous with it. : 
The other forms do not present any striking peculiarities 
except Urycordylus, which has the same peculiar fluting sculpture 
of the ends of the transverse processes and the neural-spines 
as Ptyonius and Osteocephalus of North America. 
Aistopopa.—This group was very similar in some respects to 
certain forms of the previous group. The limbs were entirely 
atrophied as in /tyontus; in addition to this character the 
parietal and frontal bones were fused into one, and the ribs 
showed a very peculiar bifurcated condition near the distal end. 
Dolichosoma from the Carboniferous rocks of Ireland and 
Bohemia was quite long, having as many as 150 vertebre, a 
number equaled only among the snakes. The skull was small 
and tapered to a point in front, and there was no evidence of 
dermal armor. 
Ophiderpeton from the Carboniferous of Ireland had a some- 
what shorter and broader skull than Dolchosoma; the ventral 
surface of the body was covered with small scutes; the whole 
animal was about 4o-50°" long, and there were in the neigh- 
borhood of 100 vertebre. 
Phlegethonia and Molgophis are two forms from the same 
region in Ohio as the AZicrosauria mentioned. They have been 
considered as synonymous with Dolichosoma, which, if true, 
would indicate a peculiarly wide range for such a specialized 
form. 
LABYRINTHODONTA VERA.—As before stated this group is made 
up of three subgroups, the Rachitom, the Embolerimi, and the 
Labyrinthodonti. The first subgroup is found only in the United 
States. 
Racuiromi.—lIn this division, as in the others of the same 
group, there were many very large forms. The skull was com- 
