REVIEWS 659 
The Newark System or Read Sandstone Belt (of New Jersey). By 
Henry B. Ktmmer. Annual Report of the State Geologist 
of New Jersey for 1897, pp. 25-159. Trenton, N. J. 
In the corresponding report for 1896 Dr. Kiimmel presented a 
brief report on the Newark system of the western part of New Jersey. 
He has now extended his work so as to cover the whole of the area of 
the system within the state, and the present report embodies the results 
of his fuller studies. As indicated in an earlier number of this JOURNAL, 
Dr. Kiimmel finds the Newark system divisible into three series, the 
basis for subdivision being lithological, not paleontological. These divi- 
sions, commencing below, are (1) the Stockton series, the characteristic 
beds of which are arkose sandstones and conglomerates; (2) the 
Lockatong series, the characteristic beds of which are black shales, 
dark, massive argillites, and gray and green flagstones ; and (3) the 
Brunswick series, consisting primarily of red shale and sandstone. 
Maps are presented showing the distribution of these several divisions. 
As a result of the profound faults affecting the western part of the 
system, the several series do not appear at the surface in single, con- 
tinuous belts, but are repeated. The disposition of the outcrops is still 
further complicated by the folding which the beds of the system have 
suffered. In the eastern part of the state the Lockatong series does not 
appear, but the Stockton series is found in limited areas on both sides 
of the Palisade ridge. 
One of the interesting facies of the system is the conglomerate 
which occurs along its northwest border, at and near its junction with 
the pre-Mesozoic terranes. This conglomeratic phase of the system 
assumes different aspects at different points. It isnow made up chiefly 
of limestone, now of gneiss; and now of quartzite; but the significant 
point in the relations of these several phases of conglomerate is the 
fact that the larger areas of calcareous and quartzite conglomerates do 
not abut against older formations of limestone and quartzite, but 
against gneiss instead. The conglomerates are clearly shore deposits, 
and it is therefore inferred that the conglomerate beds were not 
derived chiefly from the older formations against which they now le. 
It is believed that faulting along the contact of the Triassic system 
with the older formations is responsible for the lack of correspondence 
between most of the conglomerates and the formations against which 
they abut. 
