FOSSIL. VERTEBRATES — REPTILIA A M7. 
Cimoliosaurus, Cretaceous of New Jersey and Alabama. 
C. ( Polycotylus), Cretaceous of Kansas. 
C. (Mauisaurus), Cretaceous of New Zealand. 
C. (Elasmosaurus), Upper Cretaceous of Kansas. 
C. (Plesiosaurus) helmersent, Gault of England and Russia. 
C. (Plesiosaurus) planus, Gault of England, Russia, and 
France. 
C. (Plesiosaurus) australis,|Cretaceous of New Zealand and 
Australia. 
C. (Plestosaurus) chilensis, Cretaceous (?) of Chile. 
The Flesiosaurs were powerful, free-swimming, predaceous 
animals that found their chief food supply in the fishes and the 
smaller reptiles that inhabited the same waters. The long neck 
and powerful teeth must have made them more than a match for 
any of the aquatic forms of the time, and the fish-like form and 
the strong paddles enabled them to get throngh the water with 
great velocity. In no other form of this time do we find such 
great variety of forms and such wide geographical distribution ; 
the only region in which their remains have not been found is 
South Africa. A most interesting habit of the animals was the 
swallowing of stones, apparently to aid in the digestive work of 
the stomach. One specimen from the Fort Benton Cretaceous 
of Kansas had about 125 of these stones in the stomach, varying 
in size from that of the fist to that of a pea. 
Thaumatosaurus, from the Jurassic (Dogger and Kimmeridge) 
of England and India (Gonwanda series), and also from the 
Jurassic of Wurtemberg, was a peculiar form with a very large 
head supplied with strong teeth anda very short neck. The 
limbs were proportionately quite long and the bones of the proxi- 
mal series were better developed than common in the Plesio- 
sauride. | 
Peloneustes and Phosaurus are from the Cretaceous of Eng- 
land. The last was of gigantic size, the skull of one being over 
4 feet 9 inches in length and 2 feet 11 inches across the pos- 
terior end. The neck was rather short having only about 20 
rather compressed vertebre. 
