782 JAMES PERRIN SMITH 
with the Indian ammonites, through the monographs of Waagen 
and Diener. We may, then, assume as certain a connection of 
the Californian waters with the Oriental region during Brahmanic 
or Jakutic time, forming the Arktis of Mojsisovics, and a separa- 
tion from the Mediterranean Triassic sea or Yhetys of Suess. 
How intimate this connection was we cannot know until material 
good enough for the identification of species is found.’ 
The danger of inferring separation of provinces on the basis 
of too few fossils is shown by the following diagram, illustrating 
the relations of the Lower Trias of the Salt Range with that of 
the Himalayas, according to Diener.” 
HIMALAYAS SALT RANGE 
niboscetel sell Upper Ceratite limestone 
Subrobustus beds Ceratite sandstone 
Ceratite marls 
Almost unfossiliferous 
Lower Ceratite limestone 
Otoceras beds Unfossiliferous 
Permian 
The Permian faunas are closely related in both, and that of 
the Subrobustus beds is, in part, identical with the fauna of the 
Ceratite sandstone, while between these two horizons each prov- 
ince has unfossiliferous beds corresponding to strata rich in 
ammonites in the other. It is not, therefore, a_justifiable infer- 
= The writer hopes during the season of 1899 either to visit this locality in person, 
or to send some of his students there. 
2Mém. Géol. Surv. India. Ser. XV. Himalayan Fossils. Vol. II. Part I, p. 177. 
