1896.] Mr Shrubsall, Crania from Teneriffe. 161 



Teneriffe are for the more part orthognathous, broad above, nar- 

 rowing down in the maxillary and mandibular regions, with low, 

 broad very rectangular orbits, superciliary ridges well marked 

 and frontal sinuses capacious and extensive ; but one also meets 

 with skulls presenting the features of long, uniformly narrow, 

 slightly prognathous faces with high and rounded orbits. The 

 nose is as a rule straight, prominent and leptorhine, but in other 

 cases it is platyrhine, and the lower border instead of being 

 sharply cut, as is typical, may be rounded off or even present 

 simian grooves. The nasal spine is not prominent. The palate 

 is of almost all forms and sizes, the most typical being the ellipse, 

 although the parabolic form is also well represented, the alveolar 

 border projects forwards and accounts for the slight alveolar sub- 

 nasal prognathism frequently found in skulls from the Canary 

 archipelago. The lower jaw is strong, broad at the condyles and 

 angle, but narrow at the chin. The angle is frequently very 

 markedly everted, shewing the strength of the muscles, thus 

 correlating well with the strength of the zygomatic arch and the 

 great wearing down of the teeth, all being doubtless due to the 

 grinding efforts necessary to masticate the but partially cooked 

 cereals which constituted then, as now, the staple diet of Teneriffe, 

 and which also accounts for the frequent traces of alveolar abscess 

 in Guanche skulls. 



The various facial indices are tabulated in order below. 



Superior facial index of Br oca. 



Mean male, 63; female, 65. 



In the seriation table of this index the range is from 58 — 87 

 (29 units) exhibiting maxima at 62 and 66 for males and at 68 for 

 females. 



Cf. males, Cromagnon, No. 1, 63"4, 



Grenelle, 66 '7, 



Grotte de Baye, 66'4, 

 Homme Mort, 67"6, 



Basques, 67'8. 



females, Grenelle, No. 2, 66*5, 



Solutre, No. 2, 66-4. 



Upper facial index of Kollmann. 



Mean for males, 50 - 2 ; mean for females, 47 - 7. 

 The skulls therefore lie on the border line of lepto and chamae' 

 prosopy, the percentages in either division being as follows : 



