TERTIARY FORMATIONS OF OLTENIA ' 671 



formed by eruptive rocks, metamorphosed schists, and sedimentary 

 deposits, the uppermost being the Lower Cretaceous, with a Flysch 

 basin in the Olt valley, the basin Brezoi-Titesti. 



2. The high plateau of Mehedinti to the west, constituted by the 

 same formation, but with small tertiary Neogene fjords and basins. 



3. The Tertiary foothills, with a characteristic depression near 

 the mountains, the so-called Subcarpathian depression. 



The researches on Tertiary formations in Roumania have usually 

 touched only casually the region west of the Olt River, and still less 

 the Subcarpathian region between the Olt and Jiu Rivers. The 

 valuable work by Fuchs, Foetterle, Tournoueri, Porumbaru, Fon- 

 tannes, Toula, etc., refers in general only to the highest layers, Pontic 

 and Levantine, of Oltenia; and even the extensive study by Sabba 

 Stefanescu, on the whole Roumanian Tertiary, gives us very few 

 facts about the northern part of this region, which appears as uniform 

 and without interest. In this respect, however, we must remember 

 the scattered observations by Gr. Stefanescu, and the study by K. 

 Redlich, exhaustive on some points, which permit us to see how 

 interesting a detailed study of this region might be. 



In this paper I propose to present the stratigraphical results of 

 my researches, extending over five years in the complicated petro- 

 leum and salt region, and over several years more in the mountains 

 of Oltenia. The paleontological determinations, which throw light 

 on and confirm my field observations, were made by Professors 

 A. Koch, N. Andrussow, and W. Lascareff, to whom I here present 

 my heartiest acknowledgments. 



THE NORTH ZONE OF THE TERTIARY OF OLTENIA 

 BREZOI-TITESTI BASIN 



The earliest studies, especially by Gregoire 1 and Sabba Stefanescu, 2 

 have presented the region west of Olt and south of the boundary 

 of the crystalline formations, as constituted in its whole extent, 

 right up to the Danube, by tertiary deposits only. Later Dr. K. 



1 Gregoire Stefanescu, Annuaire du Bureau geologique, annee 1882-83; Carte 

 geologique de la Roumanie; Cours de geologie, 1891, etc. 



2 Sabba Stefanescu, Etude sur les terrains tertiaires de Roumanie, 1897; "Mem. 

 sur la geol. du Jud. Arges," Ann. d. Bur. Geol. Roum., 1882-83; several notes in the 

 Bull, de la Soc. geol. de France, 1894, etc. 



