TERTIARY FORMATIONS OF OLTENIA 679 



Cretaceous conglomerates with the crystalline rocks: Bivolari (hot 

 springs), Puturoasa, Posta, Lacul Doamnei, etc. 



Between these two series of springs there is the widely known 

 alkaline spring of Caciulata, on the bank of the Olt River. Most 

 of these springs are very rich in emanations of gaseous hydrocarbons, 

 there being up to 97 per cent. 1 methane, but only 2 per cent. H 2 S. 

 While the origin of H 2 S can readily be explained from the occurrence of 

 partly altered pyrites in the mica schists, 2 which are among the con- 

 stituents of the conglomerates, the large~percentage of methane is 

 not easy to understand; though probably the springs are in relation 



Fig. 3. — Profile of the Cerna valley at Slatioara. 

 0/ = coarse OKgocene conglomerate and shingle; <r'=lower salt formation (Burdigalian); n I = Pal!a 

 (Dacite tuff); <r = upper salt formation; i = Sarmatian; ' £ = Moeotic and Lower Pontic marl and sand- 

 stone with (J) Helix and Lymnea; F = fault. 



with petroleum-containing layers. The salt springs (Calimanesti, 

 Slatiora, Sacel, etc.) indicate a salt deposit in connection with the 

 petroleum, such as is usual in all petroleum regions. 



C. NEOGENE FORMATIONS, MIOCENE SERIES 



The lowest stage of the Neogene, the Burdigalian, was studied in 

 the south Carpathians by Stur, Hoffmann, Koch, etc., at Petrosani, 

 in Transylvania; by Gr. Stefanescu, Draghiceanu, Fuchs, and Sabba 

 Stefanescu, at Bahna, Balta, Fantanele, etc., in Jud Mehedinti, 

 where the / Mediterranean Sea deposits form smaller or larger basins 

 in the crystalline zone. I have mentioned these deposits as occur- 

 ring at the south of the Carpathians at Gura Vai on the Oltu River. 3 



1 Analysis by Gr. Pfeifer, "On the Olanesti Springs" (in manuscript); about 

 Caciulata spring he has published his results in Bui. Soc. Sciinte Bucharest, Vol. Ill 

 (1904). 



2 A sulphur spring occurs in the crystalline region of Puturoasa sub Pleasa in the 

 bottom of the Romani valley; the mineral water comes from the red and brown 

 altered, pyrites-bearing mica schists. Dr. Redlich cites a similar spring from the 

 conglomerates of Brezoi iloc. cit.). 



3 Communication to the Society of Science (Bucharest, May 6, 1902); description 

 in Gisements du Succin de Roumame, 1903, loc. cit. 



