TERTIARY FORMATIONS OF OLTENIA 687 



posed and forming sulphur. At Pucioasa 1 (Pauses ti de Otasau), 

 however, I believe that some small and beautiful gypsum crystals 

 occurring in intercalated marls, soaked with S0 2 and water, have 

 been formed recently. The gypsum from this horizon in Galicia, 

 Podolia, etc., was classified by the Polish, Austrian, and Russian 

 geologists 2 as belonging to the deposits from the 77 Mediterranean 

 Sea. At Barbatesti I found blocks of Lelthakalk in the neighbor- 

 hood of the gypsum bed, and although the limestone does not occur 

 as a bed, I think that the two formations belong together, the Leitha- 

 kalk being immediately above the gypsum. 



Salt and Petroleum. — The salt formation of Oltenia contains one 

 salt massif only, but a very large one, 7 km long, from Teiusu up to 



Fig. 9. — Profile of the Otasau valley. (The letters represent the same formations 

 as in Fig. 4.) 



g = gypsum bed. 



Ocnele Mari. It is not possible to see the width, because the forma- 

 tion is inclined, the depth being more than 300™. It is the only salt 

 massif in Roumania which shows the Jahresringe of anhydrite. It 

 very often contains charred wood and nuts ( walnut). A piece of 

 amber is mentioned also as occurring here. The composition of the 

 best quality of salt is up to 99.8 per cent. NaCl, the second quality 

 contains up to 2 per cent, impurities, viz., CaC0 3 , 0.8 per cent.; 

 calcium sulphate, 0.9 per cent.; and water, 0.35 per cent., according 

 to the analysis by Dr. Istrati, Popovici Max. 3 Salt wells occur 



1 See my description of that locality in Zacamantul de Sulf de la Varbilau, by L. 

 Mrazec, Mem. Assoc, de Sc. II. Roura., 1904, and Analele Acad. rom. 1905. 



2 Besides the interesting discussions about gypsum, and the Mediterranean 

 deposits in general, by Teisseyre, "Bakauer Karpathen," Jahr. d. k. k. geol. Reichs- 

 anstalt; 1897; Atlas geologique de Galicie, VIII, 1900, etc.; by I. Simionescu, "Tarmul 

 Prutului; Geologia Moldovei intreSiret siPrut," "LaGeologie deMoldavie" (Annates 

 scient. de VTJninj. Iassy, 1903). I mention the valuable description and general 

 review of this stage and gypsum in general by G. Mikhailowsky, "Die Mediterran- 

 Ablagerungen von Tomakowka," Memoires du Comite geolog., XXII, 4, 1903. 



3 See the description of Mrazec and Teisseyre, toe. cit. 



