690 G. M. MURGOCI 



Sarmatian conglomerates with a rich fauna, and above that an 

 oolitic limestone with Congeries and Neritina, perhaps Mceotic strata. 

 In general, along the skirt of the mountains from Barbatesti up 

 to Baia de Arama we meet with a thick, persistent bed of conglomer- 

 ates, shingles, and sand, in which we can determine Tortonian strata 

 in some parts; in others, higher up, Sarmatian; and in others still, 

 strata probably Pliocenic containing Unionidae and lignite layers. 

 We must admit, then, that these conglomerates at the skirt of the 

 mountains, with the character of cones of dejection, took their rise in 

 the Tortonian and ended in the Pontic age. 1 I have mentioned that 

 the Leithakalk does not form a separate horizon in the Tortonian 

 deposits, but has been formed whenever the character of the sea 



Fig. io. — Section of Eocene island of Sacel. 



eo = Eocene conglomerate and grit; er = salt spring; ls= conglomerate and limestone from Tortonian 

 into Sarmatian age; R = Lithothamnium and Scrpula reef; s= unconformable sand and conglomerate in 

 the lagoon of the Sarmatian Atoll; 6 = (boiling) hydrocarbon emanations; F=fault. 



beach of the 77 Mediterranean Sea has been favorable. The Tor- 

 tonian and Sarmatian conglomerates contain very many bones of 

 large vertebrates, which perhaps have been brought down by water 

 from the continent. 



The most interesting point of the 77 Mediterranean Sea is at 

 Sacel (Fig. io). 



We have noticed above that in the Blahnita valley there arose an 

 Eocene island; the Blahnita, a small river, cuts this island right 

 through the middle, and through the part which is at present the 

 broadest and highest, thus exposing a very instructive geological 

 section. W T e see to the north of the spas, and also to the south of the 

 island in Valea Dracoaia, Lithothamnium limestone and conglomera'tes 

 which are like those from the skirt of the mountains, and which cover 



1 F. Toula has emphasized their resemblance to "Belvedere Schotter," of Pontic 

 age. Jahrbuch filr M . &■ G. 1897. 



