TERTIARY FORMATIONS OF OLTENIA 703 



and high plateau of Mehedinti, it appears that this terrace may be 

 older than Levantine, and may very probably be Pontic. Further 

 it is possible that here, as in the whole Subcarpathian depression, 

 the shingle which covers the highest river terrace, and the eroded 

 ridge of the hills, may be Levantine. 



THE TECTONIC OF THE SUBCARPATHIAN REGION OF OLTENIA 

 1. General consideration 0} the Tertiary formations. — A comparison 

 of the Tertiary formations of Oltenia with those from the east and 

 north sides of the Carpathian Mountains 1 will give us a clear idea of 

 the past of this region. 



The Cretaceous and Lower Eocene Flysch shows here almost the 

 same fades and the same relation to older klippes as in the north and 

 east of the Carpathians: a torrential period (Cenomanian and Turo- 

 nian), with deposits of coarse conglomerates, and coarse shingle con- 

 sisting of crystalline rocks; a period of comparative rest (Senonian 

 to Middle Eocene), with the deposition of layers of marls and sand- 

 stones with Inoceramus, corresponding to a period of upheaval of 

 the region; and then another torrential period (end of the Middle 

 Eocene), with deposition of conglomerates and shingle with large 

 blocks of coral limestone with Hippurites. The facies of all these 

 formations are similar around the Carpathian bend, 2 the lower horizon 

 corresponding to the Bucegi conglomerates. 



1 I take into consideration this region of the Carpathians, because our region is its 

 natural continuation. The Transylvanian Basin, which is very similar to, and syn- 

 chronous with the formations of Oltenia, was separated, however, from them by the 

 south Carpathians, Although in the Mehedinti plateau, and in the Carpathians of 

 Banat, Miocene basins are frequent, I believe that an open communication in this 

 direction between the Miocene sea of Banat and Oltenia did not exist; the geologists 

 of Servia (Radovanovic, Pavlovic, etc.) have shown that the Neogene fauna of northern 

 and western Servia, like that of Banat, bears a relationship with the Panonian Neogene 

 one, while the Neogene fauna of eastern Servia (Timoc valley) and Bulgaria is very 

 similar to that of the south Russian Tertiary. The Oltenian Tertiary region is the 

 northward continuation of the Servian, and its similarity with that of Russia has 

 already been mentioned several times in this description. 



2 The explanation of the klippes and Flysch in the north and east Carpathians 

 was given by V. Uhlig. His very appropriate hypothesis has received many confir- 

 mations through the researches of the study by L. Mrazec, Teisseyre, Sava Atanasius, 

 Simionescu, etc., in the Carpathians of Moldavia and Muntenia. It is pleasant for me 

 to be able to confirm the fact that the theory of the Carpathian savant is applicable 

 in Oltenia also. 



