TERTIARY FORMATIONS OF OLTENIA 



707 



conglomerates, however, which near Ocnele 

 Mari-Govora contain eroded and water- 

 worn Nummulites, Cerithium plicatum, etc., 

 and which are separated from the moun- 

 tain deposits by a zone of the banded facies 

 20 km broad, could not have been brought 

 from the north; they must have been car- 

 ried from the south, where, accordingly, 

 there must have been a broad dry land. 

 The reduction in size of the salt formation 

 southward from Slatioara, the occurrence 

 of conglomerates, limestone (with Litlwtham- 

 nium) at Govora, Otasani, and more particu- 

 larly the coral reef (barrier reef) of Bircei- 

 Sacel, indicate the proximity of the seashore 

 at this point; the presence of Helicidae and 

 Planorbis at Slatioara in the Mceotic (or 

 Lower Pontic) is further evidence that dry 

 land had again appeared at this time. The 

 absence of the lower Pontic in the Olt region, 

 and the occurrence of the andesitic tuff in 

 the Upper Pontic, show that this dry land 

 extended eastward from Slatioara. At Mar- 

 culesti (on Baragan) in a deep boring, the 

 Sarmatian has been found resting directly 

 on the Cretaceous. The paleogeographical 

 conditions of this region are represented in 

 Fig. 11. 



Accordingly, the Mediterranean Sea must 

 have sent a gulf along the Carpathian 

 Mountains, and later the country to the 

 south of them was covered by brackish and 

 fresh water from the Sarmatian and Pontic 

 to the Levantine age. Slatioara and Sacel 

 formed islands, and east from Sacel various 

 organisms built up a barrier reef, as a pro- 

 longation of the Podolian-Moldavian Toltry. 



From the Tortonian age on, the Oltenlan 





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