710 G. M. MURGOCI 



faces of contact, so that now only an inspection' which is at once 

 exhaustive and carried out throughout a large area can reveal the 

 true position of the Cretaceous formations in the Carpathians. After 

 these movements, the sea, which had deposited the Carpathian Flysch, 

 penetrated into the heart of the crystalline region, and took possession 

 of the Brezoi and Titesti Basin. The movements which agitated 

 this region between Tortonian and Eocene times reappear with more 

 intensity at the end of the Oligocene period. At this time probably 

 there arose the Narutu-Cozia anticline, a subsidence with a fault 

 along the north side of the Narutu-Cozia Klippe, also many undula- 

 tions in the deposits of the Brezoi-Titesti Basin. At the margin of 

 the Carpathian bend the phenomena were more intense; along the 

 present skirt of the mountain an extensive subsidence occurred, 

 forming a geosyncline between Bistrita-Polovragi-Novaci-Bumbesti- 

 Baia de Arama, and Slatioara-Sacel, etc., and also a depression in the 

 Arges-Muscel region. The retreating Flysch sea takes on the char- 

 acter of a Mediterranean Sea in the Olt region, and we have here the 

 same geological and chemical phenomena as in Galicia, Muntenia, 

 and Transylvania, viz., deposition of salt, gypsum, etc. 



It would not surprise us if at the south coast of the sea there could 

 have been found the open vents of volcanoes, as is also the case in 

 Transylvania and Servia. These volcanoes could have furnished 

 the ashes and tuffs of the Subcarpathian salt region. 



It is noticeable that we have here a bend of the Carpathians just 

 like the one found in eastern Transylvania, which was characterized 

 by volcanic eruptions in this age at the south part of this bend. In 

 the Timoc valley (eastern Servia) dacite and andesite lavas appeared 

 also in that age. 



At that time the orographic outlines of the high Carpathians were 

 already fixed. As for the rest of the Roumanian hills and plains 

 region, it probably formed the continuation of the Dobrogean and 

 Bulgarian plateau. The present skirt of the mountains had been 

 uninterruptedly a seashore from the first Mediterranean Sea until 

 the end of Pontic times. 



As the southern margin of the sea, we know only that eastward 

 from Sacel a barrier reef developed, identical with that from northern 

 Moldavia and Galicia. 



