Revieivs — Coal-fields and Coal Industry of E. Canada. 31 



Territory, as well as in New Brunswick and Nova Scotia. The 

 present high price has naturally stimulated the development of even 

 small deposits of the ores, which include both wolframite and 

 scheelite. In the Lillooet district of British Columbia molybdenite 

 ore has been found in streaks and veins in a mass of very quartzose 

 granite and is now undergoing development. The molybdenite 

 mine of Guyon, Quebec, is also important. Another industry com- 

 paratively new to Canada is the mining or quarrying of magnesite, 

 for which there is a large demand in America as a refractory to 

 replace the magnesite formerly imported from Austria and Greece. 

 The magnesite deposits of the Grenville district have already been 

 noticed in this Magazine, and the mineral is also being worked in 

 British Columbia and other districts. The Californian magnesite 

 belt appears to extend into Britisli Columbia. 



One of the most interesting sections of the Report is that dealing 

 with investigations for coal, oil, gas, and aitesian water in Alberta 

 and Saskatchewan. As is well known, Western Canada possesses 

 great stores of lignitic coal, forming one of the largest continuous 

 coal-fields of the world. This is now undergoing rapid development 

 following on the advance of transport facilities. The oil and gas- 

 field of Alberta has now renched a stage of important productiveness, 

 and the gas is utilized on a very large scale for light, heat, and power 

 in the cities of Calgary, Medicine Hat, and others. The strata from 

 which the gas is derived are of Cretaceous age, and the structure is 

 abroad, low anticline, plunging northwards; the gas-beaiing strata 

 occur at two horizons at depths on the average of about 700 and 

 1,000 feet from the surface. In the Medicine Hat area there are 

 thirty gas-wells, which yield about 88,000,000 cubic feet per day. 

 Borings to still greater depths have yielded a strong flow of saline 

 water. 



Besides the economic work, the officers of the Survey have carried 

 out a very large amount of stratigraphical, palseontolojjical, and 

 general geological investigations in all parts of the Dominion, much 

 of which is of great interest, but cannot liere be mentioned in detail. 



11. H. R. 



V. — The Coal-fields and Coal Indttstrt op Eastern Canada : 

 A General Survey and Description. By Francis W. Gray. 

 pp. 67, with 26 plates and 1 map. Ottawa : Government 

 Printing Bureau, 1917. 



rpHIS ably written bulletin contains much of interest both to the 

 J geologist and the economist. The Carboniferous area is all 

 within the maritime provinces, and is nearly a parallelogiam in 

 shape, the four corners of which are the mouth of Chaleur Bay on 

 the west, Eredericton, New Brunswick, on the south, Arichat, Cape 

 Breton, on the east, and the head of St. George's Bay, Newfoundland, 

 on the north. The Carboniferous rocks occur on both sides of the 

 Cabot Straits, and are possibly continuous under the sea. Unlike the 

 common practice which prevails in the United Kingdom, the United 

 States, and indeed in other parts of Canada, the mineral rights are 



