F. W. Hariner — Position of the Coralline Crag. 411 



Scaldisien of Belgium similar to that between the Coralline and 

 Waltonian Crags. A reference to lists of fossils from all these 

 beds shows that the connexion between the Coralline-Casterlien and 

 the Waltonian-Scaldisien deposits is as clearly marked as is the 

 difference between the former group and the Anversien (Miocene) of 

 Belgium. 



In a well-known work the late Mr. C. Reid identified the Lower 

 E-ed Crag with the Astian and the Coralline with the Plaisancian of 

 Piedmont, placing the one in the Upper, the other in the Lower 

 Pliocene.^ In the light of our present knowledge I cannot see any 

 sufficient reason for such a division of these East Anglian beds, all of 

 which I continue to regard as Upper Pliocene. The introduction to 

 the Anglo-Belgian basin of some northern mollusca during the 

 "Waltonian period Avhile many southern and Coralline Crag species 

 continued to linger on was due, I think, to the tectonic movement 

 described in one of raj former papers, by which the Crag sea was 

 brought then and for the first time under the influence of marine 

 currents from the north." 



I agree with Mr. Newton that the Lenham fauna is older than 

 that of the Coralline Crag, though I don't think that anyone who 

 has a working knowledge of the subject could regard the list of 

 Lenham fossils given by him or the specimens on his plates as a typical 

 collection of Coralline Crag fossils. I hesitate, however, to regard 

 them as Miocene. Stratigraphically they are connected with the 

 sands of Louvain and Diest (zone of Terehratula gra7idis)\)j a remark- 

 able series of isolated remnants of that deposit (as shown on the 

 annexed- map, copied from one of M. Rutot's), which form a curved 

 line, extending roughly from west to east, through Folkestone, 

 Calais, Cassell, Tournai, Grammont, and Brussels, 



Grammont 

 Tournai 



Sketch-map showing the connexion between the Lenham Bed and the Diestien 

 sands of Louvain and Diest (after Rutot). 



The Diestien sands have been always regarded as Pliocene by 

 Belgian geologists. Until now I have never heard it suggested that 

 they are Miocene, but if the strati graphical evidence is of any value 

 and the Diestien beds are Pliocene, the Lenham Bed must be Pliocene 

 also, though Lower and not Upper Pliocene as is, I submit, the 

 Coralline - Casterlien group. They contain some characteristic 

 Miocene or Lower Pliocene species unknown from the Coralline 

 Crag, but they contain also a considerable proportion of a more recent 



^ Pliocene Deposits of Great Britain, 1890, pt. i, p. 5. 

 ^ Quart. Journ. Gaol. Soc, vol. Hi, p. 761, fig. iv, 1896. 



