86 Reviews — J. Allen Hoive's Building Stones. 



adopt the more widely accepted and common-sense Ammonite zones 

 in the Jurassic and Cretaceous systems, and in consequence we read 

 of the zones of Ammonites Parlcinsoni, A. perarmatus, A. varians, etc., 

 instead of being bewildered by a succession of new generic names, 

 which vary to some extent in every textbook. The same plan was 

 wisely adopted by Mr. H. "Woods in 1907 in his Catalogue of the 

 Fossils in the students' stratigraphical series at the Sedgwick Museum. 

 Moreover, we are glad to note the rightful application of the term 

 Bathonian to the Great Oolite Series, and that of Bajocian to the 

 Inferior Oolite Series. 



In dealing with the Pliocene Series the subject is illustrated .by 

 Mr. Harmer's map of the successive stages of the Crag divisions ; and 

 in reference to the Pleistocene Series the map of S. V. "Wood, jun., 

 showing the distribution of the Boulder-clays of the East of England, 

 is inserted. To this map Mr. Harmer has added arrows to indicate 

 the flow of the ice-sheets. This is the more important as Mr. Lake 

 himself has adopted a somewhat negative attitude with regard to the 

 origin of Boulder-clay in general. The subject is, however, treated 

 very briefly, and the same may be said of the Post-Glacial Series, 

 Palaeolithic and Neolithic times being dealt with in a couple of 

 pages. 



In a final chapter Mr. Lake gives a useful summary of the great 

 physical changes that have characterized the geological history of the 

 British Isles. 



II. — The Geology of Building Stones. By J". Allen Howe, B.Sc, 

 E.G.S. 8vo ; pp. viii, 455, with 8 plates, 7 maps, and 31 text- 

 illustrations. London: Edward Arnold, 1910. Price 7s. 6d. net. 



11HIS is the fourth volume in "Arnold's Geological Series", edited 

 by Dr. J. E. Marr, works on Coal and Coal Mining, Ore Deposits, 

 and Water Supply having already been published. A comprehensive 

 book on building-stones has long been wanted, as in this country since 

 1872, when Professor Hull's volume on Building and Ornamental 

 Stones was published, we have had to depend mainly on the more or 

 less scattered geological information given in sundry Geological Survey 

 Memoirs, on the work of D. C. Davies on Slate, on that of G. F. 

 Harris on Granites, and on the four excellent chapters in Dr. J. V. 

 Elsden's Applied Geology, pt. ii, 1899. 



Before settling down to the severer portions of his work, Mr. Howe 

 gives a pleasant sketch of the influence of geology on the characters of 

 the buildings in Britain, and on the aims and limitations of his work. 

 Ornamental stones are dealt with but incidentally, as in references to 

 JNapoleonite, Luxullianite, the Norwegian ' Pearl ' (augite-syenite), 

 and various kinds of marble which, as in the case of the Devonshire 

 limestones, are largely used for building purposes. 



After contributing a useful chapter on minerals, the author takes 

 up the subject of rocks, dealing first with the various granites and 

 greenstones, then with sandstones, grits, conglomerates, and breccias, 

 and their cementing materials, with limestones (calcareous and 

 magnesian), with slates and stone-tiles, and with sundry miscellaneous 



