M. A. C. Hinton — British Fossil Shrews. 535 



reduced in breadth ; lower condylar facette with extensive lingual 

 prolongation; foramen ovale visible on lower view of shell. The 

 genus is represented in the Upper Pliocene Forest Bed and later 

 British deposits by species none of which exceed the living N. fodiens 

 in size. 



Neomys newtoni, n.sp. (PI. XXV, Fig. 1, and Text-fig. \a.) 

 Sorex pygmceus, Newton (in part), Vert. For. Bed, 1882, p. 97, pi. xv, fig. 12. 



Material examined. — Mandibulse : (1) left ramus in Museum of 

 Practical Geology figured by Newton (loc. cit. sup.); (2) two right 

 rami in British Museum (Savin Coll., M. 6154); (3) twenty-six rami 

 in Mr. Savin's private collection; (4) two in my own collection. All 

 these specimens were obtained from the Upper Freshwater Bed at 

 West Runton ; all of them have the condyle and one has the incisor 

 in place. 



Characters. — Size smaller than Neomys fodiens. Apart from its 

 small size the mandible (Figs. 1, la) differs in form from that of 

 the living Water Shrew ; the coronoid process is relatively lower. 

 The condyle viewed from behind is of extreme form, the non-articular 

 part being greatly reduced in breadth ; its superior facette reaches 

 proportionately further back than iu iV. fodiens. The humerus figured 

 by Newton (op. cit., pi. xv, fig. 9) is, in all probability, referable to 

 this form. 



Remarks. — I have named this species N. newtoni in honour of 

 Mr, E. T. Newton, F.B.S., to whom we owe so much of our 

 knowledge of the Forest Bed vertebrata. The species is known only 

 to occur in the Upper Freshwater Bed, and it does not require any 

 close comparison with other forms. 



Neomys browni, n.sp. (PI. XXV, Fig. 2, and Text-fig. 2a.) 



Sorex? sp. non det., Lydekker, Cat. Foss. Mam. B.M., pt. i, p. 16, 1885. 

 S. vulgaris, Hinton & Kennard (in part), Essex Naturalist, vol. si, p. 349, 

 1900. 



Material examined. — Mandibulse: (1) posterior half of a left ramus 

 from the brickearth of Grays Thurrock (Middle Terrace), in the 

 British Museum (No. 28079, presented by John Brown) ; (2) part of 

 a right ramus with m. x aild 2 in place, from the same deposit, in the 

 Hinton and Kennard Collection. 



Characters. — Mandible a little smaller than that of JY. fodiens ; 

 its coronoid process low and broad ; condyle small, its vertical 

 dimension very small for a Neomys, and the superior facette very 

 broad (Figs. 2, la). Teeth a little smaller than in N. fodiens ; their 

 outer cusps stained nearly to cingulum ; cingulum strongly developed. 



Remarks. — This species is named after the late John Brown of 

 Stanway, a careful observer, who discovered and presented the type 

 jaw to the National Collection. N. hrotoni is a very distinctive form, 

 recalling N. newtoni in the low coronoid process, but differing from all 

 other species in the form of the condyle. It is only known from the 

 Middle Terrace drift of the Thames at Grays. 



