576 Miscellaneous. 



was made by the Royal Commission, who reviewed the whole subject 

 at length as to action with a view to preventing waste in the working 

 and using of coals. The suggestion which Sir W. Ramsay is reported 

 to have made, that Parliament should impose a penalty on wasteful 

 expenditure of energy supplies, would involve an amount of control 

 over the industries of the country which under present conditions it 

 would be impossible for any Government to undertake. The Commission 

 looked forward to the introduction of considerable economies in the 

 future, and I am advised that both in the working and in the using 

 of coal progress is being made in this direction. As regards the 

 question of the export of coal, the Commission reported that the 

 witnesses whom they heard were generally of opinion that ' the main- 

 tenance of a large coal export trade is of supreme importance to the 

 country, and essential to the prosperity of the coal-producing districts ', 

 and the Commission saw ' no present necessity to restrict artificially 

 the export of coal in order to conserve it for our home supply'." — 

 Morning Post, October 31. 



Discovery of Flint Implements bkneath the Red Cjrag in 

 Suffolk. — Sir E. Ray Lankester, F.R.S., read a paper before the 

 Royal Society, November 16, 1911, on " The Discovery of a Novel Type 

 of Flint Implements from below the Base of the Reel Crag of Suffolk, 

 etc." Flint implements of human manufacture have been discovered 

 by Mr. J. Reid Moir, of Ipswich, in the detritus-beds at the base of 

 the Red Crag in Suffolk and by Mr. W. G. Clarke at the base of the 

 Norwich Crag in Norfolk. These implements are of a novel type — 

 the ' rostro-carinate ' or ' eagle's beak ' — but include also scrapers, 

 hammers, and large one-sided picks. They do not include any forms 

 resembling the Chellian and Acheuilian ovate implements. The 

 Sub-crag type (rostro-carinate) is essentially compressed from side to 

 side. The Chellian and Acheuilian and Moustierian types are 

 essentially depressed or flattened like a leaf. The race of men who 

 manufactured the Sub-crag flint implements probably lived on the 

 land surface not remote from the sea, during the period of the Coralline 

 Crag, which was characterized by a warmer climate than that of the 

 Red Crag, and may justly be regarded as marking the close of Pliocene 

 conditions in this part of Europe. The land barrier joining Britain to 

 Scandinavia, which had kept the southern part of what is now the 

 North Sea from access of cold northern waters ever since the earliest 

 Tertiary period, disappeared at the beginning of the deposition of the 

 Red Crag. 



Errata. 



In Dr. Fermor's paper ("What is Laterite?"), table at p. 514, 

 3rd col., last line but two, for mixed read veined. 



In our notice of Admiral De Horsey's work (p. 524) we have 

 inadvertently printed the title as Draysoniana: it should be Draijsonia. 



