148 H. Bolton—A New Species of Fossil Cockroach. 
Clydach Vale (see Plate XV). The shale decreases to the east, dying 
out wholly 2 miles beyond the colliery, giving place to sandstone. Iam 
indebted to Mr. Davies for the opportunity of describing the specimen. 
The wing or tegmina lies upon a very small piece of black shale 
and shows the upper surface, which is gently convex along the middle, 
somewhat hollowed over the mediastinal area, and more strongly 
curved along the inner margin and over the anal area. The basal 
portions of all the veins, and the whole of the internomedian and anal 
veins are well elevated above the general surface, the rest lying, as do 
all the smaller branches, below the general level. The ‘ cross-veins’ 
of Scudder are remarkably well preserved over the whole wing surface, 
forming a multitudinous series of fine close-set parallel ridges, which 
give a ladder-like appearance to the areas lying between the veins. 
The general impression is that of a finely wrinkled integument, which 
it really is, for where the chief veins or their branches are sunken, the 
‘cross-veins’ pass clean across the vein without any break, or any 
visible connexion. This is especially noticeable in the mediastinal 
area, where the wrinkles can be traced over several of the tertiary 
branches of the vein in succession. All the wing anterior to the 
internomedian area, and with the exception already noted, 1.e. the 
base of the principal veins, is distinguished by the veins lying in 
shallow troughs, between which the wing-structure rises in a well- 
rounded surface. The internomedian and anal areas, on the other 
hand, form an inner and smaller division of the wing in which all 
the veins are in high relief, the wrinkled surface lying in flattened 
hollows between. 
The wing appears to be complete, but is encroached upon by the 
shale in two small places on the outer margin. Considering the wing 
as a whole, it may be described as stout and robust, much shorter for 
its width than is seen in most species of toblattina, and possessing 
a regularly convex anterior margin which passes insensibly into the 
outer border; the latter is almost semicircular in outline, whilst 
the inner border is so feebly concave as to at first appear perfectly 
straight. At the base of the wing the full course of the veins cannot 
be traced to their point of attachment. 
The mediastinal vein curves forward for two-thirds of its length, 
then backwards, but not so sharply as the margin of the wing, which 
it therefore continues to approach. Finally it bends outward and runs 
to the margin, reaching the latter a little beyond the middle. The 
whole course of the vein is somewhat sigmoidal, and not so straight, for 
example, as shown by Scudder in Z. venusta.? 
Sixteen secondary veins at least spring from the mediastinal, four of 
which do not bifurcate. In the basal third of the area the presence 
of secondary veins cannot be distinguished. All the secondary veins 
approach the margin obliquely, with the exception of the last, which 
curves forward to meet it. The scapular vein forks at about the first 
quarter of its length into two unequal secondary branches. The 
anterior branch, which is the smallest, rans somewhat parallel to the 
1 Scudder, ‘‘ Paleeozoic Cockroaches”’: Boston Soc. Nat. Hist., vol. iii, pl. vi, 
fig. 12. 
