376 Brief Notices. 
Gold-bearing lodes occur in the schists, but alluvial mining has been 
by far the most productive source of the metal. Igneous rocks do 
not occur in situ, but many pebbles and boulders occur in the fluvio- 
glacial drifts, and these are described. The work is fully illustrated 
by maps, sections, and pictorial views. 
7. Boarp or AcricuLturE.—We are glad to note that Dr. J. J. H. 
Teall, F.R.S., Director of the Geological Survey and Museum, is 
a member of the Committee recently appointed by Earl Carrington to 
advise the Board on all scientific questions bearing directly on the 
improvement of agriculture. A carefully surveyed geological map on 
the scale of 6 inches to a mile is the best foundation for the more 
detailed study of soils, and indeed for appraising the value of an 
estate. As we noted in reference to Soil Surveys in the United States 
(Guot. Mac., 1908, p. 277), the so-called ‘ soil-maps’ are geological 
maps representing the subsoils or geological formations (whether Solid 
or Drift), there is no attempt to map the constantly varying soils, but 
information relating to their depth and character is given in many 
places on the maps from data obtained by means of spade or 
hand-borer. 
8. ‘‘Sxurcnks oF Gaspé” is the title of a little book by Mr. John 
M. Clarke (Albany, 1908), in which the author gives an interesting 
account of the scenery, geology, and of many other matters relating 
to ‘‘that vast peninsula of Hastern Quebec which lies between the 
mouth of the St. Lawrence River and the Bay of Chaleur, facing the 
waters of the Gulf of St. Lawrence”. 
9. GronoeicaL anp PrrrocRapHicaL ResearcHEes 1n THE Norra 
Urats.—‘‘ Recherches géologiques et petrographiques sur |’Oural du 
Nord, le bassin de la haute Wichéra,” by Professor Louis Dupare, 
aided by Professor F. Pearce and Miss Marguerite Tikanowitch (Mém. 
Soc. Phys. et Hist. Nat. de Genéve, xxxvi, 1909, pp. 33-210). In 
this work the authors describe the eruptive rocks (diabases) which are 
generally intrusive in the metamorphic or pre- Devonian rocks, and these 
‘crystalline schists’ are also described in detail. Middle and Lower 
Devonian, Carboniferous, and Quaternary deposits complete the lst 
of formations represented. Brief descriptions only are given of them, 
attention being devoted to the geological structure and physical 
features, and to the mode of occurrence and origin of the iron-ores. 
The memoir is fully illustrated by pictorial views, plans, geological 
sections, and microscopic rock-sections. 
10. Tue Warers or ro Great Lakes or Norru America are described 
by Mr. kK. B. Dole (Journ. New England Water Works Assoc., xxiii, 
1909). Samples were collected monthly for a year from each 
lake, and a tabular statement is now given of the mineral analyses. 
Around Lake Superior igneous and crystalline rocks predominate, 
and the water contains on the average sixty parts per million of solids ; 
whereas Lakes Erie and Ontario contain about two and a half times 
the amount of solid constituents, due mainly to material derived from 
calcareous sedimentary formations. The lakes are almost invariably 
softer than their affluents, as might be expected from the effects of 
direct rainfall. The suspended matter is practically all deposited by 
sedimentation. 
