462 A. Rh. Horwood—Origin of the British Trias. 
11. The present horizontality, the littoral or marginal dip around 
the hills (e.g. Charnwood Forest), with the south-easterly dip (as in 
the Coal-measures and Permian formation), is original. 
Trias reaches a height of 880 feet on Bardon Hill and is apparently 
in situ. Hence the elevated tracts must have originally been under 
water. 
Moreover, the following facts may be noted in connexion with 
submerged hills under the Triassic covering :— 
(1) The Trias is horizontal away from the older hills, as at Hathern, 
Sileby, ete. 
(2) It is horizontal within old gullies and fiords within the islandic 
area, as well as over ‘saddlebacks’ (anticlinal folds in older rocks, as 
at Longcliffe, Enderby), as at Groby, Swithland, Mount Sorrel. 
(3) There is an absence of faults of any magnitude. A very slight 
one affects the Rheetics at Glen Parva. ‘The older one at Bardon has 
no relation to the Trias. 
(4) It occurs filling fissures at great heights, as at Siberia Quarry, 
Bardon Hill. 
12. Only the sandstones or ‘skerries’ are rippled, not the marls, 
with ripples S.W. to N.E. in direction; that is, the ridges run N.W. 
by 8.E. generally, the force moving the wind and wave thus coming 
from the south-west. This is to be noted all round Charnwood Forest. 
13. The screes are very largely to the south-west of the sub- 
merged older rocks which they cover, and from which (as on sea-coasts 
dunes are formed with screes forming at the foot of cliffs) they are 
derived. 
14. The sandstones thin out and disappear eastward (as in the 
Lower Keuper), the marls westward, and the sandstones or skerries 
are chiefly on present hilly ground (as in the past). 
15. The surface features of the old elevated rocks are largely 
original, where not covered by the Trias. The crags of High Sharpley, 
Broombriggs, etc., are quite untouched. The structure of the older 
formation can be distinctly made out as at Hanging Rocks. Black- 
brook is only an emptied Triassic fiord. 
16. Desert conditions are confined to the marginal contact of the 
Red Marl with certain older rocks (chiefly syenites as at Croft and 
Mount Sorrel), and this occurs at the same level, indicating its merely 
local phase. Wind-polished rocks occur to the west and north of 
Castle Hill, Mount Sorrel. 
17. There is an absence of desert conditions in the surrounding 
area, 1.e. away from the old rocks. Only in one instance has an 
anticlinal fold of Red Marl, simulating a dune, been discovered, as at 
Sileby. 
18. The beds of gypsum and rock-salt are continuous in a linear 
direction, and are horizontal, which must be due to aqueous depositions 
and brought about during the greater lagoon phase at the close of the 
epoch, or the contemporary marginal lagoon phase during the early 
period, of the delta formation. ; 
19. There is a gradual gradation of the Keuper into the Rheetics 
and so into the Lias, marine conditions commencing with the Rheties. 
20. The source of the sediments is in a large measure correlated 
