116 W. 8S. Gresley— Variegated Coal-measures. 
and a few quartz pebbles, and capping the whole is a rubble of 
sandstone fragments, layers of sand, a red marly clay with derived 
pebbles, and soil to surface. 
The total thickness of strata at present exposed is about 70 feet, 
but other beds come in, and can still be seen, between the variegated 
Coal-measures and the TBerantion) about 300 feet further to the north. 
Each of the above series lies unconformably upon the one beneath 
it; the Coal-measures have a north-easterly dip; the Permian beds 
dip east; the Trias lies nearly horizontal, and the Drift overlaps 
the whole, though it appears only locally. 
SECTION AT SWADLINCOTE, DERBYSHIRE. 
HH 
a2oooeococof 
Surface soil... 
Red clay, sand, and fr agments ‘of sandstone... 
Soft sandstone, with layers of yellow and red marl 
Yellow sandstone, with a few quartzite pebbles at base 
Light yellow sandstone ... 
Semiconsolidated breccia (sometimes i in two beds) 
| Green and red marly layers ... 
| Red marl, with greenish layers top and bottom ... 
wWrPnN OWrF ep 2 
Permian Trias Drift 
{ Highly-variegated argillaceous shale! with band and many flat 
fossiliferous nodules of red hematite, and a few large concretions 
| of yellow and red siliceo-ferruginous sandstone, exhibiting cone- 
in-cone structure, etc. ... 8 
Dark blue shale without nodules, ‘but sometimes with red veins or 
joints Nee acs! dod i Odes) Lone! G0 ed0:! doo 3 
Coal-seam—sometimes iridescent . 
Dark fire-clay ... as. 
< Lighter ditto—locally called “the marl”? .., 
Dark claysnane 
Strong grey dlocky fire- clay" the fire- -olay ” 
Hard dark shaly el i do 
Coal-seam...  .. 
Inferior fire- clay 
Hard black clay .. 
Strong inferior fire- -clay With nodular ‘clay-ironstone ‘much wrinkled 
l OD SULLA CES HR Rese eul \AceHasane bet 2gN PEON es he aac me 8 
ry 
Co eb CO “Ibo 
(or) WOWNOTAARACS S 
Coal-measures 
Floor of quarty, 2g sae ener. 50° Kieu (heacley | yseie due tsateniunm fl aamaaa O. 
Now, the principal wee of ntopoat in the abou section is the 
uppermost bed of the Coal-measures—the ‘bind’ or argillaceous shale 
with its accompanying concretionary ironstones and large balls of 
altered ‘cankstone.’ Where this stratum is in contact with the red 
beds of the newer rocks, its colour becomes entirely changed, and 
the great variety of hues of red, brown, purple, yellow, blue, etc., 
together with the often very curious and remarkably beautiful way 
in which the alternations, blendings and arrangements of form have 
been produced, is in itself quite a study. The ironstones, too, 
certainly deserve attention. When the shale is variegated or mottled, 
1 Owing to unconformity the thickness of this stratum varies a good deal, and in 
places where the distance between the Permian marl and it, is much increased, the 
ironstone nodules are found in their natural condition (clay-carbonates). 
2 The section not having been carefully measured, the thicknesses here given are 
only approximate. 
