S. S. Buckman—Patleontological Nomenclature. a7 
these are invariably found to be of a red haematite, more or less 
compact, and with the nuclei often of limonite more or less soft. 
These nodules of hematite were originally clay-ironstone before the 
Coal-measures were overlaid by the Permian beds. Of this I enter- 
tain no doubt, and in this very quarry may be seen the same nodules 
in their former condition. That these nodules in their normal state 
have a peculiar chemical composition not possessed by ordinary 
spheerosiderite of the Coal-measures seems highly probably from 
the fact that in weathering they sometimes become a deep red colour, 
and at others quite yellow. This alteration is always accompanied 
by a softening of the nodule, with reduction in weight. 
At a few yards to the south of the section given above, we find 
the red-staining from the Permian marl has extended to the Fire- 
clays beneath the 10-inch bed of Coal, giving them a somewhat 
similar variegated aspect (though the colouring is less vivid) to the 
shales above. The red hematitic character of the ferruginous nodules 
occurring in these clays shows also the change they have undergone 
since Carboniferous times. 
In this section too may be seen instances of faulting. We have a 
dislocation caused since the Triassic beds were deposited (where 
good examples of slickensides occur) ; also one in these beds but not 
descending to the Coal-measures—a small ‘doubling’ or overlap 
fault in the Permian marls, and contorted denuded surface of Coal- 
measures. The Coal-measures are highly inclined. It may be well 
here to note that some interesting examples of contorted coal and of 
‘overlap’ faults are to be seen in the neighbouring open-hole work- 
ings to the south, notably in those of Messrs. Ensor & Co., The Pool 
Works, Woodville. 
Varieties of Coal-measure clays, and of the other clay-ironstone 
nodules, of ‘ peacock,’ or iridescent coal, and of Coal-measure fossils 
(marine? mollusca, coprolites, etc.), may also be obtained: in short, 
the section exposed probably exhibits as great a number and variety 
of geological and mineralogical details as could be found anywhere 
within so limited an area. 
There are within half a mile or so of this exposure several other 
interesting sections of some of the same beds, and of others besides, 
which could scarcely fail to repay a visit; but, as the excavations go 
on rapidly, and with strata lying so unconformable as these do, the 
geological details are always changing; in fact the variegated shale 
with hematite in Wragge’s section is rapidly thinning out, or else 
being obliterated by debris thrown back, or by land-slips. 
VIL.— PataontotocicaL NOMENCLATURE. 
By 8. 8. Buckman, F.G.S. 
{J\HE remarks made by Mr. Haddow in the Gronocican Macazine, 
Decade IIT. Vol. LIV. p. 519, seem to demand a reply. 
1.—He complains of the multiplication of generic or subgeneric 
names of Ammonites. 
2.—He laments the confusion which appears to have arisen 
concerning what have hitherto been regarded as recognizable species. 
