128 Notices of Memoirs—Dr. Eduard Brickner. 
WNOTLlCGmS OB MEMOLERS: 
oS 
I.—Guactation or Satzacn District. 
Dir VERGLETSCHERUNG DES SALZACHGEBIETES NEBST BEOBACH- 
TUNGEN UBER DIE Erszert In pER Scuwerz. von Dr. Epuarp 
Bruckner. Geographische Abhandlungen; herausgegeben von 
Dr. Atsrecat Pencx. Bd. 1. (Vienna, Hélder, 1887.) 
AD BRUCKNER’S paper on the glaciation of the Salzach district 
furnishes us with another chapter in the history of the 
Glacial period on the northern slopes of the Alps. Whilst previous 
writers, such as Al. Favre and Falsan, have traced out the develop- 
ment of the Rhone glacier of the ice period, and Penck has worked 
at the glacial deposits between the Lake of Constance and the Chiem 
Lake, the present author has chosen the district of the Salzach, 
further to the eastward, as the field of his observations, and has in 
this memoir accumulated a great amount of detailed evidence on the 
extent of the glaciation, its effects on the configuration of the surface 
and its recurrence at distinct intervals. ‘The results obtained agree 
with and confirm those of the authors above mentioned in the more 
westerly districts of the Alps. 
One very noticeable fact is the decrease in the intensity of the 
glaciation in passing from the west towards the east. This is well 
shown by the author in a table in which a comparison is made 
between the level of the upper surface and the thickness of the more 
important Alpine glaciers at their points of issue from the mountains, 
together with the respective distances and the levels to which they 
extended from the foot of the mountains and the width of their 
outer morainic areas. Thus, for example, the upper surface of the 
ancient Rhone-glacier at the position indicated was 1500 métres and 
its thickness 1300 métres; it reached 170 kilom. from the mountains, 
and descended to a level of 300m. The old Salzach glacier, on 
the other hand, was only 650 m. in thickness, and its upper surface 
1050 m., whilst it only reached 52 kilom. from the mountains, and 
not lower than 500 m. The height of the snow-line in the Salzach 
district during the Glacial period is estimated at 1200 m. 
The author points out the very distinctive character of the two 
zones of ancient moraines; an outer, distinct petrographically as 
well as by its having a covering of Loess or of a fine clay of a 
similar character, and an inner moraine which has a well-marked 
terminal wall, and is without a layer of Loess. The author has 
ascertained the extension of the inner moraine over the Loess as well 
as over the outer moraine, thus indicating its interglacial age, and he 
has further discovered no fewer than seven profiles in which the two 
moraines were clearly separated from each other, either by the Loess, 
or by important beds of gravel and conglomerate, thus showing an 
interglacial interval between their deposition. The high terrace 
gravels which occur beneath the outer moraine, and the lower terrace 
gravels deposited in advance of the inner second moraine, are well 
developed in the Salzach district, and the author further describes 
