Geological Society of London. 239 
this at Speeton, where, according to the chemical and microscopical 
evidence, there is a complete passage from the “Gault” to the 
“Chalk Marl.” The peculiar development of the latter at Speeton 
was very fully described. No bed such as the Cambridge Greensand 
or the Chloritic Marl can be taken as a line of separation. 
Throughout Lincolnshire and Yorkshire certain courses of grey- 
coloured chalk are recognizable on the horizon of the ‘Totternhoe 
Stone: these are known collectively as the “Grey bed.” Much 
comminuted shell and numerous Pectens characterize this bed, which 
is faintly recognizable even at Speeton. The “Grey bed” deter- 
mines the upper limit of the Chalk Marl. ‘The equivalents of the 
Grey Chalk vary less in thickness throughout the area than those 
already described. Certain lithological characters, which first begin 
to manifest themselves in the marly beds just above the Totternhoe 
Stone in Norfolk, become greatly developed in South Lincolnshire, 
and throughout that county, as in Norfolk, the Grey Chalk is 
usually of a marly nature. In Lincolnshire there is much red 
colouration on this horizon. The occurrence of Belemnitella plena in 
Lincolnshire has been recognized. ‘The band of bluish black clayey 
material in which it occurs at Barton continues throughout Yorkshire, 
but no Belemnite has yet been found. Allusion was made to the 
characteristic features towards the base of the Middle Chalk. Lists 
of fossils were given, and a new species of Holaster (H. rotundus) 
was described. Numerous chemical analyses and microscopic details 
of structure were also given. 
2. “On the Cae-Gwyn Cave, North Wales.” By Henry Hicks, 
M.D., F.R.S., F.G.S., with an Appendix by C. E. De Rance, Esq., 
F.G.S. 
The author gave an account of the exploration of the cavern 
during the latter part of 1885, and during 1886-7. He considered 
that the results obtained during that time proved conclusively that 
there was no foundation for the views of those who contended that 
the drift which covered over the entrance and extended into the 
cavern was remanié, but they proved that the deposits which lay 
over the bone-earth were in situ, and were identical with the normal 
glacial deposits of the area. These deposits had once extended con- 
tinuously across the valley, and the cavern (400 feet above Ordnance 
Datum) had consequently been completely buried beneath them. 
The cave must have been occupied by animals during the formation 
of the bone-earth, before any of the glacial deposits now found there 
had accumulated, and a thick floor of stalagmite had covered this 
“earth” before the cavern had been subjected to water-action. This 
action had broken up the floor, and completely re-sorted the materials, 
and added sandy and gravelly material to the deposits ; this sand and 
gravel had been examined by Prof. Boyd Dawkins, who found that 
it agreed in every particular with the glacial sand and gravel occurring 
in the valley a little way above. The large limestone blocks in the 
cavern had also been evidently disturbed by water-action ; they were 
invariably found in the lowest deposits, and were covered over by 
laminated clay, sand, and gravels. The author considered it certain 
