Reviews—Lapworth and Page’s Geology. 319 
weapons near the spot, including the spear-head, found with the 
remains, that the animal was pursued into the shallow water by the 
Paleolithic hunters and there became “ bogged.” Whatever hypo- 
thesis may be accepted, there is no evidence of any greater flood 
or inundation than would often occur under the severe climatic 
conditions which prevailed during the long period which intervened 
between the formation of the higher benches of river drift and that 
of the mid-terrace, only 25 to 80 feet above the present river, in 
which the remains of the Mammoth and the extinct Quaternary 
mammalia are more frequently met with under similar conditions. 
Nor does there appear to be any more reason for ascribing the 
extinction of the great Quaternary pachyderms to a sudden cata- 
strophe or cataclysm than there is for the extinction of some other 
Pleistocene forms, such as the Great Irish Deer ; while the difficulty 
involved in this hypothesis is still further increased by the fact 
that other animals, such as the Reindeer and Musk-sheep of northern 
habit, as well as southern forms like the Hippopotamus, were not 
utterly destroyed with their contemporaries by the same cause, but 
merely migrated to regions more suited to them, as the climatic and 
other conditions of this country changed. 
ase) dal} WA ae Jer Wwe 4 
J.—Inrropuctory Text Book or Gronocy. By Davin Pagz, 
LL.D., F.G.S. Revised and in great part rewritten by CHaRLEs 
Larworrn, LL.D., F.G.S. Twelfth and enlarged edition. 8vo. 
pp- 809. (London and Edinburgh, Biackwood & Sons, 1888.) 
HE publishers of this work are fortunate in having secured 
Prof. Lapworth’s services in bringing out a new edition of it. 
While careful to retain the arrangement of the original, and whatever 
was valuable of its matter, the editor has been bold enough to sweep 
away all that is cumbrous or obsolete, and sufficiently painstaking 
to rewrite whole chapters in order to bring them abreast of modern 
geological thought. The result is that he has produced a book 
which from its simplicity and clearness will be useful for schools, 
while the introduction of specific names, the careful attention paid to 
the derivation and meaning of terms, the alternative tables and fresh 
points of view brought into the “ Recapitulations,” the real glimpse 
(not a mere catalogue) of foreign strata, and the new classification of 
animals and plants, will restore it to its place as an examination text- 
book. But beyond and above this, the sections on Petrological 
geology, on the older Paleozoic or Proterozoic rocks, and last but 
far from least, those on the Igneous and Metamorphic rocks, are well 
worthy the attention of specialists in these lines of research. That 
the improvements are wide-spread as well as concentrated we see 
from the fact that this edition contains more than 70 additional 
pages and 50 new illustrations. Many of the old artificial-lookine 
sections are replaced by real ones (like the effective drawing of rock 
strikes in p. 62 and the map and sections on p. 63) and some of the 
