484 Prof. C. Lapworth—Olenellus Fauna in Britain. 
EXPLANATION OF PLATE XIII. 
Figs. 1-3. Lagena globosa, Montagu, sp. 
1. Lateral aspect; 2. Oral aspect. Magnified 25 diam. 
3. Longitudinal section x 35. 
Fig. 4. Lagena clavata, D’ Orbigny, sp. (?) x 36. 
Fig. 5. Lagena clavata, D’ Orbigny, sp. x 100. 
Figs. 6-10.  Lagena levis, Montagu, sp. 
6. Small specimen with remains of spiral neck- 
ornament. x 100. 
7, 8, 9. Specimens with collar encircling the neck. x 100. 
10. Longitudinal section. x 100. 
Fig. 11. Lagena sulcata, Walker and Jacob. 
Crushed specimen ; lateral aspect. x 100. 
I].—On tHe Discovery oF tHE OLenELLUS Fauna IN THE LOWER 
CamBriaAN Rocks or Britain. 
By Prof. Cuartes Lapworru, LL.D., F.R.S., F.G.S. 
HE brief paper on the “Stratigraphical Succession of the Cam- 
brian Faunas in North America,” communicated to Nature of 
Oct. 4, 1888, will have been read by British students of the Geology 
of the Lower Paleozoic Rocks with especial interest and satisfaction, 
as it puts an end to a controversy between Huropean and American 
Geologists, and brings into harmony the sequence and paleontology 
of the Cambrian faunas on both sides of the Atlantic. 
The remarkable fauna of the Olenellus or lowest Cambrian zone, 
originally discovered in America by Dr. Emmons in 1844, was first 
recognized in Europe by the late Dr. Linnarsson in 1871, in the basal 
zones of the Cambrian near Lake Moésen in Norway, but its typical 
genus Olenellus was then referred by him to the allied but more 
recent genus Paradoxides. This reference was corrected by Prof. 
Brégger in 1875; and the various brilliant papers on the Primoidial 
formations by this author have given the Olenellus fauna a marked 
and peculiar interest. In 1882 Linnarsson next made known the 
existence of the Olenellus fauna in Scania, at the base of the Swedish 
Cambrian. In 1886 the same fauna was detected by Mickwitz in 
the Lower Cambrian of Russia (Esthonia), and this Russian fauna 
has been lately figured and described in detail by Dr. Schmidt of 
St. Petersburgh. Still more recently (December, 1887) Dr. Holm 
has signalized the existence of the Olenellus fauna in the Cambrian 
of Lapland, where it was detected by Morstell in 1885. 
Thus the existence of this remarkable fossil group (the oldest 
well-marked fauna yet recognized by geologists) in the Lower Cam- 
brian Rocks has been already demonstrated in three main regions, 
viz. (1) in the region of the Rocky Mountains; (2) in the region 
of North-East America; and (8) in the region drained by the Baltic 
Sea. But up to the present time, no notice of its presence has been 
recorded from the British Islands, where the oldest fauna hitherto 
described is that of the overlying Paradowides zones, or Middle 
Cambrian formations, 
The presence of traces of the Olenellus fauna in the West of 
England has, however, been known to myself for some time. The 
first recognizable fragments of the characteristic genus Olenellus 
