62 J. W.Jackson & W.E.Alhins — Quartzose Conglomerate 



adjacent village of Cauldon, some 300 yards to the north of the 

 conglomerate section. These beds resemble the " Brachiopod-beds" 

 of Treat Cliff and Peakshill, west of Castleton, Park Hill, north of 

 Longnor, and other places in the Midland area, and contain much 

 the same fauna. Unfortunately there are no good exposures of these 

 beds, the material collected by one of us (W. E. A.) oyer a period of 

 two or three years having been obtained mainly from grave-shafts 

 in the churchyard and from a small exposure in a field on the 

 south side. 



According to the 1 inch Geological Survey Map (72 N.E.) the 

 limestone here is cut off from the Pendleside Series by faults on 

 the north-west and north-east sides, but no faults are shown on the 

 south, or Caldon Low, side. 



Another somewhat similar exposure of highly fossiliferous lime- 

 stones occurs off the main road, opposite the Bed Lion Inn, about 

 half a mile south of the conglomerate section. 



The close proximity of a conglomerate to highly fossiliferous pure 

 limestones recalls similar features elsewhere in the Midland area, 

 especially in the neighbourhood of Castleton. A rolled-shell and 

 limestone-pebble conglomerate has long been known in the latter 

 area, and seems to lie at, or near, the top of the Zonsdalia -subzone 

 — D 2 . It is well seen on the eastern side of Cave Dale, Castleton, 

 immediately above the limestone bluffs, beyond the second mineral 

 vein (Paucet Hake?). The dip of the beds here is 30° N.N.W., and 

 in addition to worn and fragmentary valves of Productus "giganteus " 

 the conglomerate contains rounded pebbles of limestone, nodules of 

 oolitic chert, and fragmentary corals. An imperfect tooth of 

 Petalodus was also obtained here by one of the writers (J. W. J.). 

 A further exposure of the conglomerate is seen at the foot of Cow 

 Low, west of Castleton village. Here the beds dip at 15° N.W., 

 and consist principally of abundant water-worn and rolled shells of 

 Productus "giganteus". It extends westwards to the entrance to 

 the Winnatts, near the Speedwell Mine, and is again seen in a 

 quarry at the foot of Treak Cliff, where the beds dip at an angle of 

 about' 20° N.N.E. The conglomerate here contains much crinpid 

 debris, large Productids, Spirifer bisulcatus, etc., and in the succeeding 

 flaggy limestones (also in part conglomeratic) numerous fish-teeth, 

 especially Petalodus, and the spines and plates of ArcTueocidaris, 

 are to be found. The conglomerate is apparently cut off from the 

 famous " Brachiopod-beds" of Treak Cliff by a fault running 1ST. jST.W. 

 to S.S.E. from the Odin Mine to the Winnatts. It reappears, 

 however, near Windy Knoll, where limestone pebbles and oolitic 

 grains form a prominent feature ; chert is also associated with it, as 

 at Cave Dale. 



Similar conglomerates are to be seen at Barmoor Quarry, near 

 Sparrowpit, and at Glutton Dale, north of Longnor. Along .with 

 the shell-debris (Spirifer bisulcatus, etc.) and fish-teeth (Ps-zmmodus, 

 Psephodus, Petalodus, etc.) at the Sparrowpit locality, a fairly large 

 amount of quartz of a well-rounded character is said to occur. 1 



1 Trans. Manchester Geol. Soc, vol. xxv, p. 125, 1896. 



