Reports & Proceedings — Edinburgh Geological Society. 91 



other parts of the deposit appear to indicate a later horizon and 

 contain mainly living forms. 



The deposit is a mixed one, and seems to have belonged to a series 

 of late Pliocene and early Pleistocene beds that occupied part of the 

 present area of the North Sea and were torn up by the advancing, 

 ice-sheet, like a great glacial erratic, and thrust into the fissures. 



The fact that the Scandinavian drift in Durham contains only 

 stones of Scandinavian origin has been confirmed, and the marine 

 Arctic shells that occur in it were further collected, and a few- 

 additions to the faunal list were made. The most interesting of 

 these is Cyrtoclaria siliqua, Spengler, an American shell which has 

 been recorded hitherto in Great Britain only from the Caithness 

 Boulder-clays. 



All the deposits described above are overlain and overridden by 

 the main mass of local Cheviot and Northern drift that caps the 

 cliffs of the Durham coast. 



A suggested correlation of the Durham sequence with the 

 European drifts is attempted, and it is concluded that the fringe 

 of the Scandinavian ice-cap that reached the Durham coast probably 

 corresponds with that of the second and greatest glaciation of 

 Scandinavia, which some Continental geologists correlate with the 

 Biss Stage of the Alps. 



In that case the main local drift of the north-eastern coast falls 

 into the third and last Glacial Period of Northern Europe. The 

 evidence for Interglacial lapses in the local drifts is very in- 

 conclusive. 



All the observed features seem to point to the fact that the 

 Scandinavian ice-sheet advanced on the east coast of England in the 

 same way as it invaded Northern Europe round the southern shores 

 of the Baltic, and gave rise to analogous climatic conditions leading 

 to the formation of loess, a fragment of which is found protected 

 from the erosive action of the later local glaciation in a small hollow 

 on the Durham coast. 



III. — Edinburgh Geological Society. 



November 20, 1918 (received December 13, 1918). — Professor Jehu, 



President, in the Chair. 



" The Iron-ore Deposits of Noblehouse and Garron Point and their 

 Genesis." By Dr. J. S. Elett, F.R.S. 



In the Upper Cambrian rocks, which form a narrow band along 

 the southern border of the Highlands, thin beds of iron ore occur 

 among cherts and pillow-lavas. They are best exposed at Garron 

 Point and Craigeven Bay, about a mile north of Stonehaven. Owing 

 to their limited extent and irregular character, no attempt has been 

 made to work them. At Noblehouse, in Peeblesshire, the Arenig 

 pillow-lavas and cherts contain at least one bed of iron ore which 

 was mined, though not with much success, at two periods during 

 the nineteenth century. In both these cases the iron ore occurs as 

 beds interstratified with cherts and shales, which were deposited on 

 the sea bottom shortly after eruptions of pillow-lava had taken place. 



