Reports & Proceedings — Geological Society of London. 139 



character. The whole deposit is suggestive of an englacial origin. 

 It is introduced in the form of a wedge or V-fault cutting into the 

 heds beneath, the pressure having come from the west. These Glacial 

 beds were traced to a depth of about 20 feet, when the Workings in 

 this part of the pit were discontinued. At the apex of the wedge 

 towards the east, the beds against which it had been forced showed 

 signs of considerable disturbance. 



No deposits have teen found in any way corresponding to the 

 stratified Glacial sands and gravels which are so extensively developed 

 at Bedmond, about five miles away to the south-east, and contain 

 a large percentage of rocks foreign to the district. 



Beneath the Glacial beds is a stratified deposit of dark reddish - 

 brown mottled loamy sand. The entire deposit is banded with very 

 fine lines or partings of the grey clay. Some are ripple-marked, and 

 others are covered by sun-cracks and apparent rain-spots, indicating 

 that each separate layer became exposed to the air after deposition. 

 The sun-cracks are very persistent throughout the deposit, and are 

 suggestive of genial climatic conditions. 



There is almost invariably a sharp break between the loamy sands 

 and the underlying gravels. 



The gravels have often an undulating surface, even where the 

 bedding of the sands is horizontal, and strongly resemble a series of 

 tidal beaches. 



The laminae of the loamy sands in the hollows of the beaches do 

 not always follow the contour-line of the beach, but are deposited 

 more or less horizontally, occasionally with a slight local unconformity. 

 It seems probable that the water gained sudden access through one 

 of the beaches at a distance, depositing first the heavier burden of 

 sand, and then the lighter parting of clay in suspension, this 

 operation being repeated by successive storms or high tides leaving 

 the sands high and dry during the intervals. Hence the sun-cracks 

 and rain-spots. 



The fact that the surface of the clay-partings never shows signs of 

 erosion, either from water or from subaerial agencies, suggests that 

 the various layers of the sands were deposited at fairly frequent 

 intervals, and in quiet water. 



The underlying gravel deposit consists almost entirely of Beading 

 pebbles and waterworn flints in approximately equal quantities, with 

 an occasional pebble of puddingstone from the Beading Beds. Some 

 of the pebbles of puddingstone and of the large waterworn flints 

 show distinct evidences of noding. No rocks foreign to the district 

 have been found. 



As a general rule, the gravel becomes coarser in depth, the lower 

 sections containing a high percentage of large waterworn flints. 

 In no case are the pebbles crushed as in the Glacial beds, and they 

 usually lie quite horizontally. The spaces between the pebbles are 

 completely filled with loose sand and small stones. The small stones 

 are mostly Beading pebbles and white quartz, with a few pebbles of 

 lydite. The gravel is quite homogeneous. 



Becent researches appear to indicate that the quartz and lydite 

 pebbles in this district have been derived from the Lower Greensand 



