234 Reviews — Basalts from Southern Patagonia. 



"barrancos", steep valleys of characteristic form with passes at 

 their heads affording means of access from one part of the island to 

 another. The author also discusses with particular care the origin 

 of the peculiar isolated peaks and platforms of phonolite, locally- 

 called "roques" and "fortalezas ", and discourages the tendency to 

 explain them all without discrimination as spines of the Pelean 

 type, although admitting that a few of them may be such. 

 Petrographic descriptions are given of the rock-types observed, 

 which include augite-andesite, basalt, segirine-phonolite, trachy- 

 phonolite, trachyte, sanidinite, and trachyandesite, with corresponding 

 tuffs and breccias. 



R. H. R. 



'VII. — Petrographlsche Beschreibung einigee Basaltk von Pata- 

 gonien, Westantarictiea ttnd den Stjd- Sandwich Inseln. By 

 0. Baeckstrom. Bull. Geol. Inst. Univ. Upsala, vol. xiii, pt. ii, 

 p. 115, 1916. 



AN elaborate petrographical description of basalts from various 

 localities in Southern Patagonia, from Ross Island, Cockburn 

 Island, Paulet Island, and other localities in the western part of 

 Antarctica, together with the South Sandwich Islands. The general 

 characteristics of most of the area described are somewhat indefinite 

 from the petrographic point of view, since calc-alkali basalts are 

 widely distributed, but commonly associated with rocks of distinctly 

 alkaline and Atlantic type. In the South Sandwich Islands, how- 

 ever, alkaline rocks are wholly wanting, indicating a connexion with 

 the calc-alkaline Pacific province. 



VIII. — Scope and Significance of Paleo-ecology. By Frederic E. 

 Clements. Ball. Geol. Soq. Amer., vol. xxix, pp. 369-74. 

 June 30, 1918. 



THE title of this paper is promising, but the performance is un- 

 satisfying. " Paleo-ecology," says the author, "is characterized 

 by its great perspective, due chiefly to the absence of a large body of 

 facts." The meaning of this is obscure, unless it is that the wood 

 is easily seen because there are so few trees. The author's chief 

 points, so far as we can extract them from an abundance of words, 

 are that vegetation should first be studied because it is the connecting 

 link between the topography and the fauna; secondly, that valuable 

 results may be expected from the study of successive floras and 

 faunas in a limited area. It will be gathered that Mr. Clements' 

 attention is focussed on epi-continental formations (forgive the 

 mongrel term!), such as the badlands and lacustrine deposits of 

 North America. Prom there some interesting facts and inferences 

 are cited. 



IX. — Mineralogy of the H.B. Mine, Salmo, B.C. By T. L. 

 Walker. University of Toronto Studies, Geol. Ser., No. 10, 1918. 



THE minerals, calamine, spencerite, hopeite, and parahopeite, 

 formed by the oxidation of zincores in amarmorized limestone 

 are described. Eroni an examination of the optical properties 



