Reviews — Novitates Palceozoicce. 375 



Haerograptus. Dr. Ruedemann has previously described colonial 

 stocks of various genera, but not of Climacograptus ; he now figures 

 a fine example of one in C. parvus. 



The strangest fossil of the Portage beds was described in 1900 by 

 Dr. J. M s Clarke under the name Cryptophya and referred by him to 

 the echinoderms. Th. Fuchs (1905) suggested that it was the float 

 of a siphonophore, and this view is strengthened by the recent 

 discovery of specimens in which presumed air-chambers have been 

 injected with sediment. A curious imprint from the same beds, 

 on which a new genus Plectodiscus is here based, is probably a 

 related form. 



From the Glens Falls Limestone at the base of the Trenton, 

 Dr. Ruedemann has obtained a Pleurocystis, the first found in 

 New York State, and figures it as " Pleurocysiites squamostis (Billings) 

 mut. matutina nov." Why should Billings be in brackets, by the 

 way ? In the absence of a detailed description and measurements, 

 one cannot say more than this: the fossils are certainly specifically 

 distinct from P. squamosa, but closely resemble the Kentucky fossil 

 P. mercerensis Miller & Gurley (not mentioned by Dr. Ruedemann) 

 in all the characters that I have regarded as "specific" for this 

 genus, as well as in the radiate sculpturing of the plates, a somewhat 

 unusual feature. (See Trans. R. Soc. Edinburgh, 1913.) 



The many valuable notes on Devonian Asteroidea, with their 

 beautiful illustrations, may be left for Dr. W. K. Spencer to deal 

 with. Here let us only state that they propose the new genera 

 Clarkeaster, Lepidasterina, and Klasmura. There are also two new 

 starfishes from the Silurian Conularia Limestones of Argentina, one 

 an Micrinaster, the other serving as basis for a new genus, 

 Argentinaster. 



A curved, flattened, segmented body from the Marcellus shale, 

 with overlapping scales on the concave margin, is certainly, as 

 Dr. Ruedemann says, reminiscent of certain palaeozoic fossils usually 

 referred to the Cirripedia. He prefers, however, to regard it as 

 a new species of Protonympha J. M. Clarke, which may be a 

 polychsetous annelid. Several annelid tubes from palaeozoic rocks, 

 apparently congeneric with Serpulites longissimus Murchison, are 

 shown to spring from the adhesion discs which J. Hall described as 

 Spheuothallus under the impression that they were plants. These 

 fossils also present close resemblance to 2brellella Holm, and a further 

 link with the Conularida is thought to appear in Conularia gracilis 

 Hall. Dr. Ruedemann therefore suggests that the Conularida may 

 be derived from the Annelida. 



The description of some new species of Spathiocaris revives the 

 discussion about the Discinocarina. H. Woodward has considered 

 them to be crustacean carapaces. Roemer and others took them for 

 aptychi of goniatites. J. M. Clarke hesitates between a brachiopod, 

 crustacean, and cephalopod connexion. Dr. Ruedemann now brings 

 further arguments in support of their aptychus nature, though without 

 fully satisfying even himself. 



In some specimens of Lower Silurian age, Dr. Ruedemann 

 recognizes the first American representatives of the doubtful fossils 



