378 Reviews — Iron Ores of Scandinavia. 



IVIecoptera are represented by Permochorista, n.gen., from which it 

 appears that the Mecoptera are probably the most ancient of all 

 Holometabolous insects. 



The Triassic insects come from the Wianamatta Shale Beds at 

 horizons from 300 to 700 feet above the Hawkesbury Sandstone, and 

 are regarded as of Upper Triassic (probably Keuper) age. Noto- 

 blattites was originally placed in the Blattoidea, but is now referred 

 to the Protorthoptera, and it is suggested that the cockroaches do 

 not really belong to a separate Order, but are a specialization from 

 a very ancient Protorthopterous type. Mesopanorpa, n.gen., isreferred 

 to the Mecoptera. The Coleoptera are represented by Ademosyne, 

 JElateridium, Adelidium, n.gen., and Metrorhyncliites ; the Eemiptera 

 Homoptera by Triassopsylla, n.gen. 



IV. — Ikon Ores of Scandinavia. 

 Jernmalm og Jernverk. By J. H. L. Vogt. Norges Geol. Undersdk, 



No. 85, pp. 181, with 4 figs. Kristiania, 1918. 

 niHIS important memoir of the Norwegian Geological Survey 

 X consists of two parts; the first part includes a review of the 

 iron-ore production of Norway in recent years and especially since 

 the publication of the author's earlier work, Norges Jernmalm- 

 forekomster (1910), together with statistics of export, import, and 

 consumption of iron, import of coal and coke, and prices of ore and of 

 pig-iron. It is interesting to find that in 1915 Sydvaranger produced, 

 by magnetic concentration, 600,000 tons of 65 per cent ore, of which 

 nearly half was briquetted; this ore contains no titanium, chromium, 

 or vanadium, while phosphorus and sulphur amount to only 0-012 

 per cent in the concentrates ; the production is expected shortly to 

 reach 900,000 tons per annum. But of the 3£ million tons of iron- 

 ore shipped from Norwegian ports in 1913, 3-1- million tons were 

 Swedish ore, mainly from Kirunavaara, exported via Narvik. About 

 eighty pages are occupied by a full and detailed account of the 

 mining districts of Arendal, Kragerd, Nissedal, Nordmdre, Trondhjem 

 Fjord, Troniso, and Sydvaranger, as well as the less important 

 occurrences of Bogen and Dunderlandsdal. Owing to its importance 

 to Norwegian export trade and commerce in general, a description is 

 also given of the Swedish Iviruna ore, with analyses of the different 

 grades, now reduced to four in number, A, C, D, and G. These 

 range from a low-phosphorus ore (A) with - 015 per cent P, to 

 a type with 3 per cent or more of phosphorus, due to a high 

 proportion of apatite in the differentiated mass. The highest quality 

 contains about 69 per cent Fe, and is one of the finest ores in the 

 world. By agreement with the Swedish Government this quality is 

 reserved for home consumption in Sweden, where it is transported by 

 rail to the amount of about 50,000 tons per annum. Over 80 per cent 

 of the whole export via Narvik consists of high phosphorus ores, 

 D and G, specially adapted for basic steel. 



The last sixty pages of the memoir are occupied mainly bj r a 

 discussion of the relative advantages of electric furnaces over 

 ordinary blast furnaces for the home manufacture of pig-iron from 



