R. G. Carruthers — Remarkable Carboniferous Coral. 441 



counter-primary than in the set la-li or 3«-3/j suggests a more 

 advanced type, for which separation may eventually be desirable; 

 while noting this possibility, it is thought better, for the present, to 

 refer all the figured examples to one species only. 



Distribution. — Cryptophyllum hibernicum is locally abundant along 

 a bed of limy shale, 3 or 4 inches thick, towards the base of the Lower 

 Calp Shales at Bundoran, Donegal Bay, Ireland : the best exposures 

 are in the sea cliff immediately north of the Bradoge ltiver. 

 Associated fossils are Caninia cornucopia and Cyathaxonia cornu, and 

 in terms of Dr. Vaugham's zones the horizon approximates to Cg-S^ 

 locally developed as a 7 phase. 



In the Geological Survey Collections, London, amongst an extensive 

 suite of Upper Tournaisian corals procured by Mr. Pringle, on the 

 Pembrokeshire coast of Stackpole Quay, and near Blucks Pool, four 

 specimens of Cryptophyllum hibernicum were noticed. The horizons 

 given by Mr. Pringle range from Z 2 through 7 to C 1 : in all cases 

 Caninia cormicopice, Cyathaxonia cornu, and the gens of Zaph. omaliusi 

 Avere found in association. 1 



In Scotland, small, immature examples of Cryptophyllum are not 

 uncommon in the shale above the Middle Skateraw Limestone at 

 East Barns Quarry, Dunbar. One or two have also been obtained from 

 the shale above the Acre Limestone at Ancroft, Northumberlandshire, 

 which is probably on the same horizon. At both localities 

 Caninia cornucopia (practically identical with Tournaisian specimens) 

 Cyathaxonia cornu, andZaphrentids of the omaliusi gens are associated 

 in abundance. Zou ally the level is about D 2 . None of the specimens 

 are fully developed: they rarely get beyond the five-septal stage, but 

 so far as can be seen agree perfectly with C. hibernicum. 



It will be noted that the vertical range of the species is wide, and 

 it is probably safe to say that C. hibernicum maybe expected whenever 

 a 7 phase is met with in British Carboniferous Limestone rocks. 



In concluding this paper, I wish to express my indebtedness to 

 my colleague Dr. . G. W. Lee, of the Geological Survey of Scotland, 

 and to Mr. W. B. Wright, of the Geological Survey of Ireland : their 

 assistance in the collection of specimens, during a joint examination 

 of the Bundoran sections, proved invaluable. Dr. W. D. Lang, of 

 the British Museum (Natural History), has very kindly helped me in 

 the matter of nomenclature. 



EXPLANATION OF PLATE XL 



Eeductions of camera-lucida drawings of Cryptophyllum hibernicum, gen. et 

 sp. nov. , from the Lower Calp Shales (Carboniferous Limestone) of Bundoran, 

 Donegal Bay, Ireland : intersections of tabulae are omitted in one or two cases 

 where they interfere with a clear presentation of the septa. 



Figs, la-;', 2a-c, 3a-h, 4a-d: serial transverse sections from four specimens. 

 x 2\. Index to lettering : H, main or cardinal septum ; G, counter septum ; 

 A, alar septum ; CL, counter-lateral septum. 



Fig. 5. External aspect of an average specimen. Nat. size. 



Fig. 6. Vertical section, showing tabulse. Nat. size. 



x The registered numbers are Pg. 1715, PI. 928, PL 2339, and PI. 2432, and 



particulars of the exact localty are given in the Survey records. 



