REVIEWS 479 
Vermejon and Raton floras can be explained only by the lapse of a very 
long period of time. Specifically Mr. Knowlton, on the basis of plant 
fossils, correlates the Raton formation with the Wilcox formation, and 
“probably with the Midway formation of the Gulf region.” 
The paper tends to confirm the conclusion which has been growing 
for many years that the Raton and equivalent formations are of Eocene— 
not of Cretaceous—age. 
The general conclusion is reached that the Raton formation is essen- 
tially equivalent to the Arapahoe, the Denver, the Dawson, the Fort 
Union, the Wilcox, and perhaps the Midway formations. 
Re DiS: 
My Reminiscences. By RaPHAEL PuMPELLY. New York: Henry 
Holt & Company, 1918. 2 vols. Pp. 844, maps, ills. 
In these two volumes the reader will find a most fascinating story of 
the very remarkable adventures and varied experiences which were 
crowded into the long life of this eminent American geologist. As the 
central figure was an inveterate traveler, roaming over a large portion 
of the globe when traveling was vastly different from what it now is, 
the work is first and foremost a book of travel. 
After studying at Freiberg and taking long vacation rambles through 
the mountains of Corsica and various other parts of Europe as the fancy 
struck him, Pumpelly returned to the United States and in 1860 began 
his professional work at the Santa Rita mines in Arizona. The Apache 
terror was then at its height, and Pumpelly alone of five successive 
superintendents of the mine was not murdered. Chance then took him 
to Japan, where in the employ of the Japanese government he conducted 
geological investigations and introduced certain improvements into 
Japanese methods of mining. It was but one step more to China, where 
a year and a half were devoted to private travels and geological explora- 
tion for the imperial government—experiences and researches which are 
vividly sketched. For the return journey to America several alternative 
routes were open, but with the true instinct of adventurous travel the 
author chose a winter journey across Mongolia and Siberia to Europe by 
saddle-horse and sleigh. 
In our own country the author’s most significant explorations were 
those in the Lake Superior region between 1867 and 1871, when the Lake 
Superior iron ores were beginning to attract attention. These reminis- 
cences are of special interest for the light they throw on the discovery and 
beginnings of the Menominee and Gogebic iron ranges. It was here in 
