514 SIDNEY POWERS 
Gently folded Tertiary or possible early Pleistocene sand, 
gravel, and clays are exposed in sea cliffs 4o feet in height between 
Tulian, south of Puerto Cortez, and Omoa. Bedding in these 
sediments is on the whole regular, but within individual strata 
there is cross-bedding. The gravel is composed in part of bowlders 
3 inches to a foot in length, packed together as if deposited in 
streams and not in the sea. No shells or fragments of wood were 
found, although in somewhat similar beds at Livingston, Guatemala, 
casts of marine shells of Pleistocene (?) age were found. 
Olivine basalt composes a number of small, rounded hills one 
mile south of Chameleconcito and near the National Railroad. 
The hills are of the typical form developed on weathered aa flows. 
A recent, perhaps Pleistocene, age must be assigned to the basalt 
flows here and on Utilla Island. Hot springs, apparently connected 
with the same vulcanism, are very common along the coastal region 
from the Gulfete (Rio Dulce), Guatemala, to Trujillo, Honduras, 
especially near the foot of the mountains between Tela and 
Trujillo. 
Between the Sierra de Omoa and the Sierra de Pija in the vicinity 
- of the National Railroad tonalites appear in low hills north and 
west of San Pedro Sula. This city is built on a broad gravel fan 
extending from: the mountains on the south. In these mountains 
the contact effect of diorites with metamorphosed schists may be 
seen. A tonalite similar to that exposed near San Pedro Sula 
outcrops in the Ulua River and in the hills near Uraca, a native 
village at the present southeastern terminus of the Tela Railroad, 
36 miles by rail from Tela. From Uraca eastward diorites, tona- 
lites, and other igneous rocks invade schists and quartzites, as 
described by Professor Foye. 
1 The distribution of the basalt is in accord with the researches of A. Bergeat 
(‘Zur Kenntnis der jungen Eruptivgesteine der Republik Guatemala,” Zeit. d. d. 
- Geol. Gesell., XLVI [1804], 131-57), who shows a conspicuous arrangement of volcanics 
according to types in the few specimens of Guatemalan volcanics examined. Basic 
and acidic types, basalt and rhyolite, are practically confined to the region east of the 
Pleistocene volcanoes, while the intermediate type, andesite, is the conspicuous 
component of the surficial rocks of the Pacific volcanoes. A predominance of volcanics 
of an intermediate type on the immediate borders of the Pacific Ocean is also suggested 
by B. Koto to hold true in Japan (Jour. Geol. Soc. Tokyo, XXII [1915], 124; XXIII 
[r916], 127). 
