WORLD-ORGANIZATION AFTER THE WORLD-WAR 719 
is to be made up of national units in equitable proportion, so that 
should the Confederation go to pieces the pieces would naturally 
fall back into the several national navies and their relative strength 
would be much the same as before and as they now are. The 
scheme does not destroy or trammel national preponderance but 
merely adjusts it to the rest of the world and the rest of world to 
it on a basis of ethical parity. 
All existing submarines should be scrapped and heavy penalties 
visited upon every surreptitious effort to make any new ones. 
Submarines promise little or no constructive service to mankind; 
they are inherently dangerous to the common welfare. There can 
be no use or excuse for them, except on the presumption of war; 
and it is that presumption that we are trying to remove. 
Land forces adequate to protect and police the borders of the 
straits, the terminal ports, and the omninational highways are to 
be taken over, in military units, from the several nations on the 
proportionate basis. The effect of this on the existing balance of 
power will be of much the same order as that of the sea forces, but 
the details are less readily stated and perhaps less important. 
The manufacture of arms and munitions.—As a supplementary 
precaution against war and especially as a source of safety in peace, 
it is proposed that the several nations for themselves respectively, 
and the Omninational Confederation for itself, shall take over a 
complete monopoly of the manufacture of arms and explosives of all 
kinds, and that no person shall be allowed to make, possess, carry, 
or use arms or explosives of any kind except under regulations and 
provisions instituted and maintained by the several nations respec- 
tively for their own territories and by the Confederation on the seas 
and world-ways, the purpose being to suppress the harmful use of 
arms and explosives now so widely and destructively prevalent. 
Ample provision would of course be made for the sale of explosives 
by the respective governments for use in mining and for all other 
legitimate purposes, as also for the use of arms for the destruction of 
obnoxious, harmful, and dangerous animals and in legitimate sports. 
This universal monopoly of munitions would greatly aid in the 
suppression of brigandage in ill-governed lands and of riots every- 
where, as well as assist in the ordinary policing of all countries. A 
