CUSP A TE FORELANDS AT BAY OF Q UINTE I 3 I 



waves themselves after the formation of the bars. Such a ter- 

 race is in course of construction off the east end of Grenadier 

 Island. A similar process is causing a great deal of inconven- 

 ience at several harbors along the north shore of Lake Ontario, 

 where two artificially constructed bars in the shape of piers 

 inclose a harbor which periodically fills with sand that has to be 

 removed by dredging. 



In some cases the inner lagoon may have been filled after 

 the bars were formed, by ordinary processes of transportation 

 which tend to fill hollows and lessen the grade of steep slopes. 



The size of the terrace would also depend upon the size of 

 the water body, and upon the character of the material. The 

 tendency will always be for the waves bringing the supplies of 

 material to heap this up in the form of a bar. In the later 

 stages, when the accumulation has become considerable, the 

 larger storms would not be able to efface these bars, though they 

 will reshape them and pile the material higher on the outer mar- 

 gin. On the outer side of a bar, below water level, the material 

 has a gentle slope to below wave base. Beyond this the inclina- 

 tion of the front slope will be the angle of repose for material of 

 the kind. In the case of all the forms on the Bay of Quinte, 

 where the water drained off it would be found that the forelands 

 would have steep frontal slopes, with an elevation in several 

 cases of about 6o feet. The top would be a nearly flat terrace, 

 with gently curved edges, and rising above it at a little distance 

 from the margin would be the sharply defined rimming bar. 



In the smaller examples the same waves which build the one 

 side of the foreland carry material around the end of the spit and 

 distribute it for a shorter or longer distance, according to their 

 size, on the other side. On some occasions the same waves may 

 shape both sides at the same time, but usually it is found that 

 the adjacent sides are shaped alternately. In some cases the 

 greater proportion of the material comes from one side, and its 

 redistribution on the opposite side of the spit is effected by other 

 waves from a different direction and at another time. In the 

 case of Point Pleasant spit it seems to be slowly shifting east- 

 ward, as material brought from the southeast accumulates on 



