284 EDWARD M. KINDLE 



of heavy-bedded sandstone outcropping at the foot of the cHffs just 

 below the entrance to Watkins Glen affords a convenient datum 

 plane from which to determine the height of the Watkins fold. This 

 is the only band of sandstone exceeding 10 or 12 inches in thickness 

 in this part of the section, and it is easily followed from its outcrop 

 north of Salt Point, where its base is only a few inches above lake 

 level to Watkins, where it reaches its maximum elevation of 30 

 feet above the lake in a ravine just north of the village. 



This sandstone band dips below lake-level about 500 yards 

 north of Salt Point. From the point where it disappears to the 

 axis of the syncline the north dip does not exceed 10 feet, so that 

 the total rise of the fold above the Corbett Point syncline is prob- 

 ably between 35 and 40 feet. On the east side of the lake the maxi- 

 mum elevation of the fold, which is about 10 to 12 feet less than on 

 the west side, is attained at the quarry just north of Excelsior Glen. 

 From this point, where the band of massive sandstone mentioned 

 above is 20 feet above lake-level, the dip is very gentle to the north, 

 the sandstone band reaching lake-level at the north side of "Painted 

 Rocks," about one mile north of Excelsior Glen. South of Watkins 

 the Watkins Glen sandstone is seen at the base of the quarry half 

 a mile below town. A short distance south of this point it dips 

 below the level of the marsh. 



At Ithaca the very gentle north dips of this fold are seen along 

 the west side of the Inlet valley from the south edge of town nearly 

 to the lake. The much heavier south dips appear in South Hill. 

 The south dips of this fold both at Ithaca and Watkins greatly 

 exceed the north dips. The synclinal axis between this fold and 

 the next on the south passes a little north of Montour Falls and 

 Lake Cayuta, through the village of Enfield and out of the quad- 

 rangle east of the upper dam in Buttermilk Creek. 



Alpine anticline. — The strongest fold in the quadrangle is the 

 next one south of the Watkins fold and running parallel with it. 

 The axis of this fold enters the quadrangle nearly west of Beaverdams. 

 Passing a little north of Beaverdams and south of Moreland, it crosses 

 Catherine Creek valley about live miles south of the head of Seneca 

 Lake, and Cayuta Creek one mile north of Alpine. The axis crosses 

 Cantor Creek one and a half miles north of Pony Hollow; passing 



