FOLDS IN THE APPALACHIAN SYSTEM 285 



between Newfield and Stratton, it continues northeasterly to the edge 

 of the quadrangle. Continuing this axis into the Dryden quadrangle, 

 in the same direction which it follows in the Ithaca quadrangle, it 

 joins the anticline which in the vicinity of Brookton is represented 

 by southerly dips of 5 to 6°. 



The northerly dips of the Alpine anticline usually vary between 



1 and 2°. North dips as high as 3° have, however, been observed 

 in the quarry in Odessa, and along Cayuta Creek one mile south of 

 Cayuta Lake. The south dips are much stronger than the north 

 dips, and vary from 3 to 10°. Northeast of Chambers south and 

 southeasterly dips of from 3 to 8° are seen. In the ravine east of 

 Alpine half a mile the dips range from 8 to 10° in a southeasterly 

 direction. Just west of West Danby the south dips vary from 3 to 

 6°. The average south dip for this fold is probably 3^ or 4°. 



It will be noted that the total south dip in this quadrangle of 

 the rocks to the north of the axis of the Alpine anticline is very small. 

 The much greater inclination of the beds to the south of this axis 

 over those to the north of it makes the effective south dip along the 

 southern edge of this fold much greater than elsewhere in the quad- 

 rangle, and explains the abrupt appearance of the Chemung in all 

 of the hills op. the south flank of this fold. 



The synclinal axis to the south of this fold enters the region about 

 a mile south of the northwest corner of the Elmira quadrangle. 

 Passing northeasterly through Millport, it crosses Cayuta Creek just 

 south of Cayuta and leaves the quadrangle about one mile north of 

 the Chemung-Tompkins county line. 



Van Etten anticline. — The axis of this fold crosses Cayuta Creek 

 at Van Etten. Bearing a little to the north of west, it crosses Cathe- 

 rine Creek about a half-mile south of Pine Valley, thence, trending a 

 little south of west, it passes just north of Catherine, and probably 

 leaves the quadrangle to the west of Quackenbush Hill. The north 

 and south dips of this fold may be seen along nearly all of the streams 

 which it crosses. The dips of the north limb of the fold are particu- 

 larly well displayed in the outcrops along Dry Run, Langford Creek, 

 and Cayuta Creek. The dips of the south limb of the fold may be 

 seen along Dean Creek, Cayuta Creek, Baker Creek, and a number 

 of other small streams to the south of the axis, varying usually from 



2 to 3°. 



