4IO 



/. H. OGILVIE 



infold. At Banff the Bow River is joined by the Spray River from 

 the southeast and by the Cascade River from the northwest. Lake 

 Minnewauka outlets westward into the Cascade River, its eastern 

 end leading through a wind-gap to the Ghost River. 



The Bow Valley about Banff is drift-filled. Westward from the 

 station its course is through gravel, largely stratified (Fig. 2). At the 



Fig. 2. — Still waters and alluvial deposits of the Upper Bow River above Banff; 

 Mount Edith in the distance. 



Station the river turns abruptly southeast, cutting a little canyon 

 along the strike of Carbonic shale and forming the Bow Falls. At 

 its junction with the Spray it again enters drift and again turns north- 

 east. There is here presented the abnormal feature of a water-fall 

 along the strike, followed by quiet water when the course is at right 

 angles to strike and up dip. 



Forty-mile Creek flows southeast along the strike between Ver- 

 milion and Sawback ranges. It cuts across a gap in Vermilion 



