NOTES ON THE VICINITY OF BANFF, ALBERTA 411 



range and cuts off the end of Cascade Mountain. As it enters the 

 Bow Valley it turns abruptly west, flowing over drift for a mile and a 

 half, and emptying into Vermilion Lake. 



These various abnormalities are the result of two distinct causes: 

 first, adjustment to the soft Cretaceous infold of the lower Bow Valley; 

 second, glaciation. 



Fig. 3. — Devil's Canyon; a postglacial gorge of the Cascade River. 



Lake Minnewauka (Devil's Lake) is a body of water twelve miles 

 long and about half a mile wide. Its sides are precipitous, except 

 close to the water's edge where glacial gravels are found. Alluvial 

 cones occur, projecting into the lake. As noted by Dawson in 1885,' 

 this lake basin presents every appearance of having formerly been 

 a river valley. Its eastern end is now filled with drift, talus, and allu- 

 vial cones, but its level floor and steep sides extend to Ghost River 

 on the east. Dawson, in the report cited, suggests that this was the 



^Report B, Geological Survey of Canada, 1885, p. 141. 



