British Association. : 85 
Marwood 
group 
Coomhola 
group 
g8 
Fossiis ES S 
5 w 
Filicites dichotoma . = 
Knorria dichotoma . = 
Platyerinus = 
Poteriocrinus . = 
Spirorbis omphalodes - = 
Leperditia Seana ; — 
L. subrecta aa 
Orthoceras eregarium : ; : 7] = = == 
It 
| 
| 
Naticopsis plicistria 
Cucullza trapezium 
C. Hardingii : 
Modiola Macadami . 
Avicula Damnoniensis 
A. var. elongata 
A. var, media 
Lingula mytiloides . 
Streptorhynchus crenistria 
Spirifera disjuncta . : 6 
Sp. bisuleuta . ; ; : a — — — 
Rhynchonella plemedan s 3 ie = — — 
Amblypterus . : : : | = — 
The question now arises, said Mr. Stoddart, ought these shales to 
be classed with the Carboniferous or with the Upper Devonian 
rocks? ‘The Clifton beds, he submitted, clearly declare the former: 
Ist. On account of the nature of the fossils. 2ndly. From the com- 
paratively large extent of true limestones and shales and marls 
(nearly 70 feet) before the true Old Red micaceous beds occur, and 
100 feet before the first bed of quartzose conglomerate, which, after 
all, is the most certain mark of the division of the systems; for both 
rocks and fossils above and below differ entirely in their character. 
Lastly, Mr. Stoddart suggested, as another view of the matter, that 
these Shales, which in Teg eland engin the thickness of 5,000 feet, may 
have as much right to be considered as a distinct and intermediate 
series as the Rhetie beds, between the Trias and the Lias, which in 
the Austrian Alps have very little more magnitude. 
On_Icz-caves. By the Rev. G. F. Browns, M.A., of St. Catherine’s College, 
Cambridge. 
R. BROWNE has recently visited, in various parts of the Swiss 
and French Jura, the Vosges, and Dauphiné, in places far 
removed from glaciers, a number of ice-caves exhibiting phenomena 
of a very remarkable kind, equally interesting to the Geologist, 
the Physicist, and the Physical Geographer. In large caverns in 
the PnEtOUS at depths of from 50 to 200 feet below the surface, 
and from 2,000 to 6,000 feet above the sea, Mr. Browne discovered 
enormous deposits of ice in the middle of summer ; ; the ice being 
dense, perfectly crystallized, and evidently permanent, in the form 
of columns, cascades, and floorings of ice, prismatic in structure, 
