174 Reviews—Indian Iron-ore. 
the several beds of magnetite crop out, dipping with remarkable 
regularity towards the axis of the trough, and interstratified with 
various beds of gneiss, as shown in the annexed section, drawn across 
the summit and at right angles to the axis of the ellipse: this 
structure is a modification of one of the great folds of the gneissic 
region before alluded to.* 
There are three principal beds of ore, of whose continuity all 
through and around the trough there can be no doubt, but their 
outcrop is eften observed by accumulations of talus and blocks of 
ore. Two other beds appear in the summit of the ridge ; but, owing 
to the talus, and the thick and thorny scrub, they could not be well 
traced out. The two lower beds are described as exceedingly con- 
spicuous, even when seen from a great distance, especially in the 
morning-light, when they may be seen standing out along the flanks 
of the ridge in dark, sharply sculptured terraces. These beds are 
each 50 feet in thickness, and those higher up the hill about 20 feet 
or less. Vast quantities of the ore are strewn along the flanks of 
the mountain, and over the plain ‘for a distance of one or two miles 
from the base, and require merely to be collected for smelting. 
Limestone, for a flux, occurs in the neighbourhood ; but, considering 
the scarcity of fuel, it is probable that British iron will be able, for 
a long time to come, to compete with the native produce in the Indian 
markets. 
RESEARCHES INTO THE EARLY History or MANKIND AND THE 
DEVELOPMENT oF CrvitizaTion. By E. B. Tytor. London: 
J. Murray. S8vo. 1865. 
E are much indebted to Mr. Tylor for this contribution to an 
important branch of literature. Thanks to the moderation 
of the author’s views, and the propriety of his style, the work is free 
from those objections which exclude almost every book on ‘ An- 
thropology’ from the household library. 
Not many years ago, the Geological Record was supposed to 
terminate with the appearance of Man upon the globe. His advent 
marked the division between the former world and that which is the 
domain of the recent naturalist. That boundary-line has receded 
with the progress of record, and become so shadowy, that although 
we hear of a ‘ Quaternary System’ and ‘ Post-Tertiary’ deposits, it 
would be difficult to define or give a satisfactory reason for dis- 
tinctions of so little value. If the ‘Miocene’ is to inelude all 
deposits with 50 to 100 per cent. of extinct species, surely the 
‘ Pliocene’ will suffice for those with from 1 to 50 per cent., whether 
they be in St. Helena, where nearly all the land-snails have become 
= 
* A similar association of iron-ore with argillaceous, siliceous, micaceous, and 
talcose schists, has been described by Herr E. Stohr (N. Jahrb. 1864) as noticeable 
in Singhbhum, south-west of Bengal; and, in company with emery, by Dr. Jack- 
son, in Massachusetts (Silliman’s Journ., No. 115, Jan.).—Eprv. 
