440 Carruthers—On a Fossil Cone from the Coal-measures. 
shedding of the pollen in extensive pine-forests in Scotland and 
Norway. 
EXPLANATION OF PLATE XII. 
Figs. A. Flemingites gracilis.—Specimen natural size. 1. Ideal longitudinal 
: section of a portion of a cone. 2. Ideal transverse section of the quarter 
of acone. 3. A single scale, showing the number and arrangement of the 
sporangia—magnified five times. 4. The upper surface of a sporan- 
gium. 6. The under surface, showing the triradiate ridge. 6. Fragment 
of a sporangium, exhibiting the prominences on its surface. 7. Section 
of a sporangium through the ridge. 8. Another section. Figs. 4-8 
greatly magnified. 9. A fragment of coal almost made up of sporangia. 
10. Portion of a Sigillaria, with a considerable quantity of sporangia 
covering one side of it. 
Figs. B. Lepidostrobus Brownit.—1. Longitudinal section of the upper portion 
of the cone. 2. Transverse section of a quarter of the cone. 3. Spo- 
rangia. From the specimens in the collection of the British Museum. 
Figs. C. Lepidostrobus ornatus.—1. Restored section of two scales and a spo- 
rangium (from Hooker’s Memoir, pl. viii. f. 11). 2. Sporangia (doc. 
cit., pl. v. f. 9). 
Fig. D. Lycopodium cernuum.—Transverse section of the cone. 
II. On soME suPPOSED ICE-SCRATCHES IN DERBYSHIRE. 
By A. H. Green, M.A., F.G.S. 
N the number of the Grotocicat Magazine for last August, in 
a letter from Mr. Mackintosh, there is a notice of some markings, 
supposed to be glacial, on a rock known as ‘The Bloody Stone,’ 
between Cromford and Bonsall, in Derbyshire. Mr. Mackintosh’s 
language is not very clear, but I rather gather that he has doubts 
whether these markings were really made by ice: nor does he seem 
to be aware of the great interest that would attach fo the discovery, 
if it could be proved beyond question that we have here a jtrue ice- 
marked surface of rock. It is, I believe, very generally the case 
that the deposits and, so to speak, footmarks of the Glacial epoch are 
found on the western side of the central axis of the north of England 
in much greater force than on the eastern side. ‘Thus much I can 
say from personal observation : in North Staffordshire and Lancashire, 
boulder-clays and gravels are found stretching from the plains far 
up the hill-sides, and erratic blocks lie here and there upon the moors 
to a height of 1,400 * feet above the sea. On the other side of the so- 
called Pennine Chain, however, the case is widely different: through- 
out the whole of North Derbyshire and the adjoining uplands of 
Yorkshire there is nothing that can be safely set down as Drift, and 
certainly no blocks or pebbles of foreign rocks over the country to 
the north of the Wye. The valley of that river cuts right across 
the Great Saddle; and along it, and to the south of it, we do find 
stray patches of clay with ice-scratched boulders, mostly of limestone, 
but here and there of granite, greenstone, and other strangers, which 
seem to have found their way from the west along this sole opening 
in the barrier which elsewhere blocked up their path. ‘'The Bloody 
* Sir H. De la Beche gives 1,800 feet as the limit of erratics: I here speak only 
of what I have seen myself. 
