Reviews—Parker and Jones—On Foraminifera. 549 
nifera, which also are critically classified and made to serve as 
illustrations of the eastern bed of the great marine Province under 
discussion. Thus the whole Foraminiferal fauna is tolerably well 
represented, and careful Tables give the result; and it is curious to 
see how some forms love the deep and some the shallow—how some 
get large in going down from shore, and others become dwarf, thin, 
cut down, and otherwise aberrant when obliged to live high up in 
shallow water. Thus Polystomella and Miliola love the shore, Glo- 
bigerina, Pullenia, and Orbulina thrive best at great depths (2,000 
fathoms and more). A Table also shows how far the genera 
found in the ‘Celtic Province’ are distributed in certain parts 
of other seas and oceans; and Foraminifera from those places 
which are not found in the North Atlantic are also tabnlated, with 
indications of their relative size and abundance. Thus the Rhizo- 
podist finds the Foraminiferal fauna (with the relative size and fre- 
quency of individuals) for altogether thirty-two spots in the Arctic, 
Atlantic (North and South), Mediterranean, Red Sea, Indian Ocean, 
and Pacific, by consulting the Tables in this Memoir. 
The occurrence of many Foraminifera in the fossil state is re- 
corded in the description of genera and species, forming the bulk of 
this Memoir; and we particularly direct the geological reader to 
the explanations of Plates XVIII. and XIV. (miscellaneous Fora- 
minifera, illustrating either the very wide range of specific form, 
or some of the links between diverse forms), wherein several curious 
Tertiary (Grignon) species are described. The fossil Foraminifera 
of the Vienna Tertiary, known by the works of D’Orbigny, Reuss, 
and Czjzek, as well as Cretaceous and other species, are frequently 
alluded to, sometimes illustrated afresh by recent specimens, and put 
into their places in the new classification, which was begun by 
Williamson, and carried out by Carpenter, Parker, and Jones. It 
is a pity there is no index to the Memoir; but a paleontologist 
working at Foraminifera would find it worth while to make one for 
his own use. 
Of course, the full description here given of the materials of the 
Atlantic floor is of great interest to the general reader; and after 
all the nonsense one sees in the ‘literary’ magazines of the day 
about the enigmatical ‘shell-fish’ which the popular writers seem 
to think they ought to believe in, it is pleasant to see really of what 
the long-talked-of ‘ooze’ really consists. Not but what Dr. Wal- 
lich in the ‘Natural History Review,’ end Professor Huxley in an 
Admiralty Report, gave proper accounts of it, as far as their exa- 
mination of it had gone; but here we have a table of its consti- 
tuents according to their per-centage; and we have faithful figures, 
by George West, of all the Foraminifera taking part in the forma- 
tion of this wonderful marine accumulation of the minute shells 
or calcareous cases of Rhizopods living and dying at the bottom of 
the sea. Globigerine and Orbuline are the chief; Planorbulina 
Ungeriana, Pulvinulina Menardii, Pulv. Micheliniana, Puly. Ca- 
nariensis, Nonionina umbilicatula and Lagena marginata, appear 
to be their principal associates, but in very few numbers as com- 
